Antitrypanosomal Effect of Hydromethanolic Extract of Solanum anguivi Lam on Field Isolates of Trypanosoma congolense Infected Mice.

Debela Abdeta,Solomon Mequanente Abay,Mirutse Giday,Getechew Terefe,Nigatu Kebede

doi:10.1155/2021/1239379

Debela Abdeta, Solomon Mequanente Abay + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1239379

Copy DOI

Abstract

Introduction Trypanosomiasis is one of the world's most serious infectious diseases caused by Trypanosoma parasites. Concern about resistance to conventional antitrypanosomal drugs, mosquito vector resistance to existing insecticide side effects of existing antitrypanosomal drugs justifies the urgent need for more effective, tolerable, and affordable drugs. Objective The present study is aimed at determining the in vivo antitrypanosomal effect of the hydromethanolic extracts of Solanum anguivi fruit extracts against the field isolates of T. congolense. Methods The 80% methanol extracts of S. anguivi fruits were prepared by cold maceration technique. In vivo curative tests were done to check the effect of plant extract against T. congolense in Swiss albino mice. Plant extracts were administered at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/body weight. Acute toxicity of the extracts at 2000 mg/kg was performed according to OECD guidelines. Data obtained from the experiment were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Results This study indicated that extract did not exhibit any sign of acute toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg/body weight. In curative test, extracts reduced parasitemia, preventing the drop in packed cell volume and body weight significantly (p < 0.05), compared to control. Groups provided with the extract before infection got prolonged incubation period with chemoprophylactic effect at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis showed presence of flavonoids, steroids, triterpens, saponins, glycosides, tannins, and alkaloids. Conclusion The extract showed promising curative. Further effort is required to isolate and purify specific compounds responsible for antitrypanosomal activity of studied plant.

Highlights

Trypanosomiasis is one of the world’s most serious infectious diseases caused by Trypanosoma parasites
Solanum anguivi fruits collected from Wayu Tuka district as of November 2015 were used as potential antitrypanosomial agent
There were no gross behavioral changes and sign of toxicity during observation period which is monitored according to organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD) 2001 guideline

Summary

Introduction

Trypanosomiasis is one of the world’s most serious infectious diseases caused by Trypanosoma parasites. In vivo curative tests were done to check the effect of plant extract against T. congolense in Swiss albino mice. Plant extracts were administered at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/body weight. This study indicated that extract did not exhibit any sign of acute toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg/body weight. Extracts reduced parasitemia, preventing the drop in packed cell volume and body weight significantly (p < 0:05), compared to control. Trypanosomes are protozoan parasite affecting both human and livestock. It is mainly found in Tropical Africa, Latin America, and Asia. 9 million km land area [2] This highly fatal protozoan disease is virulent and inoculable but not contagious (except dourine, a venereal trypanosomiasis of equines). African animal trypanosomiasis is responsible for 3 million livestock and 55,000 people death annually in agriculture and mixed farming system environments making it an important priority for the agricultural sector and biomedical and public agencies [3]

Methods

Results

Conclusion