Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase and Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies in patients with Hypothyroidism

Abstract

Background: Autoimmune hypothyroidism is common and well-known in developed countries, the aim of this article is to determine theantithyroid peroxidase and antithyroglobulin antibodies in patients with primary hypothyroidism and comparing it with healthy subjects in Erbil governorate hospitals. Methods: This case _control study was carried out in Hawler and Rizgary teaching hospitals. Which includes 140 subjects equally distributed in to 70 patients and 70 healthy person, All ages above 18 years were included. The study was carried out in the period between March and December 2015. It includes all patients who has/had hypothyroidism, either newly diagnosed or on treatment, or subclinical. Patients with history of thyroid operation, radioactive iodine treatment and secondary (central) hypothyroidism, were excluded in the study. Control subject was any one with normal thyroid function test and no any history of thyroid diseases, blood withdrawn and sent for assessment for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), T4, T3, Thyroid Peroxidase and Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. Results: Total of 140 subjects was equally distributed in to 70 cases (patients) and 70 controls (healthy individuals). Their ages ranges between 18-76 years, with the mean age within the cases were 40.3 years and 40.9 years within the control group. From the total of 140 subjects, 112 were female and 28 were male. Gender distribution within the cases were 55 (78.57%) female and the remaining 15 (21.43%) were males. In the control side 57 (81.42%) were female and the remaining 13 were male with statistically no significant differences in sex distribution between cases and control. Within the cases the goiter was detected clinically in 40 (57.1%) and no goiter detected in control group with highly significant differences between cases and control (p<0.001). Within the cases high titter of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody was detected in the serum of 62 (88.6%) patients. While in control group Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase antibody was detected only in 8(11.4%) subjects, indicating highly significant difference between case and control group (p<0.001).