Abstract
Persea americana (Lauraceae) have been used in traditional medicine for a wide range of illness and some of these uses have been proven scientifically. The aim of this present study is to screen for the phytochemical content, determine the proximate parameter and determine the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of the stem bark of Persea americana in MCF-7 cell line by flow cytometer. Result of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrate, reducing sugar, tannins, saponin and alkaloid. Proximate analysis gave moisture content of 13.82 ± 0.24 %, acid insoluble ash of 1.17 ± 0.15 %, alcohol soluble extract 2.13 ± 0.14 % and water soluble extractive 1.67 ± 0.07 %. It lacks both antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in MCF-7 cell line but significantly reduced the percentage of cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle (P < 0.1). These results showed that the stem barks of Persea american a contained compounds that may be responsible for it activity. Keyword : Persea americana, antiproliferative activity, apoptotic effect, flow cytometer, proximate analysis
Highlights
The fresh stem bark were carefully washed with water to remove earthy material and air-dried for a period of one week, after which they were placed in the oven for thirty minutes at a temperature of 40oC, before they were reduced to fine powder with the aid of an electric milling machine
G1 phase show percentage number of MCF-7 cells after treatment with SBPA to be 73.10 %, this show a decrease of 4.09 % when it was compared with the control (68.11 %)
This shows 0.21 % increase in apoptotic cells, though not significant. These results show that SBPA lacks both antiproliferative and apoptotic activity even though it may have affected the cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle
Summary
This present study was designed to screen the phytochemical content, determine the proximate parameters, evaluate the antimicrobial, antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of the stem bark of P. americana in MCF-7 cell line and to partially characterize the petroleum ether fraction using chromatographic analyses. Proximate Analysis of the Powdered Drug: The following quantitative parameters were carried using standard methods (African Pharmacopoeia, 1986; British Pharmacopoeia, 1988 ; AOAC, 2003); moisture content, acid insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extractive and water soluble extractive. The powdered stem bark of P. americana gave a yield of 4.21 % after extraction with methanol (Table 1).
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