Abstract
BackgroundBuddleja davidii is widely distributed in the southwestern region of China. We have undertaken a systematic analysis of B. davidii as a Chinese traditional medicine with anticancer activity by isolating natural products for their activity against the human gastric cancer cell line Mgc-803 and the human breast cancer cell line Bcap-37.ResultsTen compounds were extracted and isolated from B. davidii, among which colchicine was identified in B. davidii for the first time. The inhibitory activities of these compounds were investigated in Mgc-803, Bcap-37 cells in vitro by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, and the results showed that luteolin and colchicine had potent inhibitory activities against the growth of Mgc-803 cells. Subsequent fluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis indicated that these two compounds could induce apoptosis in Mgc-803 cells. The results also showed that the percentages of early apoptotic cells (Annexin V+/PI-, where PI is propidium iodide) and late apoptotic cells (Annexin V+/PI+) increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After 36 h of incubation with luteolin at 20 μM, the percentages of cells were approximately 15.4% in early apoptosis and 43.7% in late apoptosis; after 36 h of incubation with colchicine at 20 μM, the corresponding values were 7.7% and 35.2%, respectively.ConclusionsColchicine and luteolin from B. davidii have potential applications as adjuvant therapies for treating human carcinoma cells. These compounds could also induce apoptosis in tumor cells.
Highlights
Buddleja davidii is widely distributed in the southwestern region of China
The following 10 compounds were isolated from B. davidii grown in Guizhou and identified by spectroscopic and physicochemical analysis: luteolin 1, naringenin 2, puerarin 3, rutin 4, quercetin 5, hesperetin 6, and acacetin-7-O-α-L-rhamno- pyranosyl(1–6)-β-D-glucopyranoside 7; stigmasterol 8; ferulic acid 9; and colchicine 10
Chemistry Dried B. davidii samples collected from Guizhou were studied, and the following compounds were isolated from n-butanol extracts, which were identified based on their physicochemical as well as spectroscopic data as luteolin (1), naringenin (2), puerarin (3), rutin (4), quercetin (5), hesperetin (6), acacetin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1–6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (7, flavonoids), stigmasterol (8, steroid), ferulic acid (9, phenylpropanoid);, and colchicine (10, alkaloid)
Summary
Buddleja davidii is widely distributed in the southwestern region of China. We have undertaken a systematic analysis of B. davidii as a Chinese traditional medicine with anticancer activity by isolating natural products for their activity against the human gastric cancer cell line Mgc-803 and the human breast cancer cell line Bcap-37. Buddleja belongs to the Loganiaceae family and has a pantropical distribution across South Asia, Africa, and America [1]. This genus comprises approximately 100 species of wood perennials and shrubs. The roots, leaves, and flowers of various species of Buddleja are used in folk medicine in several parts of the world [2]. The application of the Buddleja davidii is a perennial herbaceous plant widely distributed in the Chinese provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xizang. In Chinese folk medicine, the roots, leaves, and stems of this plant are consumed by drinking an infusion with alcoholic content for the treatment of rheumatism, cough, and fractures
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