Abstract
Objective: Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic cutaneous cancer. Deregulated apoptosis has been identified as a major cause of cancer drug resistance. The objective of the study is to evaluate antiproliferative activity of Hypnea Valentiae extract in human skin malignant melanoma (SK-MEL) cells. Methods: In this study, sulfated polysaccharide fraction was precipitated from aqueous extract obtained from H. valentiae. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability of the crude sulfated polysaccharide against SK-MEL cells and normal L6 cell line (Rat skeletal muscle). Acridine orange (AO) and Ethidium bromide (EB) staining method was applied to study induction of apoptosis in SK-MEL cells. Results: Dose-dependent reduction in cell viability was observed with an IC50 of 30 μg/ml in SK-MEL cancer cells. The sulfated polysaccharide treated SK-MEL cells followed by AO, EB staining, showed typical early apoptotic, and late apoptotic morphological changes. Conclusion: The isolated crude sulfated polysaccharide from H. valentiae produced potent growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in SK-MEL cells but caused no cytotoxicity in normal L6 skeletal muscle cells.
Highlights
Cancer is one of the leading causes for death throughout the world and the current treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs has a major disadvantage which causes various toxic side effects [1,7,10]
The sulfated polysaccharide treated skin malignant melanoma cells (SK-MEL) cells followed by Acridine orange (AO), Ethidium bromide (EB) staining, showed typical early apoptotic, and late apoptotic morphological changes
The present study was performed to examine the effects of sulfated crude polysaccharide on tumor growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in human skin malignant melanoma cells (SK-MEL), and to determine the cytotoxicity effects in SK-MEL cells in vivo
Summary
Cancer is one of the leading causes for death throughout the world and the current treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs has a major disadvantage which causes various toxic side effects [1,7,10]. Seaweeds are highly potential in secondary metabolites and sources of dietary fiber that differ chemically and physiochemically, and they perform different physiological effects on humans [4,23]. These metabolites will be useful in the development of new pharmaceutical agents [23]. The present study was performed to examine the effects of sulfated crude polysaccharide on tumor growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in human skin malignant melanoma cells (SK-MEL), and to determine the cytotoxicity effects in SK-MEL cells in vivo
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