Abstract
BackgroundAnnona muricata (A. muricata) is widely distributed in Asia, Africa and South America. Different parts of this plant are used to treat several diseases in Cameroon. The aim of this study is to determine the in vitro anti-proliferative effects and apoptotic events of A. muricata extracts on HL-60 cells as well as to quantify its phenols content.MethodsThe cell viability was measured by using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay while the changes in morphology of HL-60 cells, membrane mitochondrial potential (MMP) and the cell cycle were used for assessment apoptosis induction.ResultsThe results show that the concentration of phenols, flavonoids and flavonols in the extracts varied depending on the part of the plant. All the extracts tested inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 varied from 6–49 μg/mL. The growth inhibition of the cells by extracts was associated with the disruption of MMP, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the G0/G1 cell arrest.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the extracts from A. muricata have strong antiproliferation potential and can induce apoptosis through loss of MMP and G0/G1 phase cell arrest.
Highlights
Annona muricata (A. muricata) is widely distributed in Asia, Africa and South America
Phenolic contents of A. muricata The results of this study showed that the level of polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols varied depending on the part of the plant (Table 1)
The lowest concentration of flavonoids and flavonols was found on the stem barks of A. muricata while its roots show the lower phenols content
Summary
Annona muricata (A. muricata) is widely distributed in Asia, Africa and South America. Several phytochemical molecules from natural products capable of exerting a physiologic action on the Annona muricata L (A. muricata) commonly known as graviola, soursop or corossol, belongs to the Annonaceae family It is a widespread small tree and has its native in Central America [3]. All parts of A. muricata tree are used in natural medicine in the tropic including the twigs, leaf, root, fruit and seeds. A decoction of A. muricata leaf is used to kill bed bug and head lice to reduce fever For the latter it can have the same effect taken orally or added to bathing water [5]. Previous reports have demonstrated that the leaf, twigs, root, stem, and fruit seed extracts of A. muricata have several biological activities such as anti-bacterial [9], antifungal [10] and anti-malarial [11]. We attempted to investigate the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic effects of extracts from leaf, twigs and roots from A. muricata against Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60 cells)
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