Antiproliferation effect of sulforaphene isolated from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds on A549 cells

Sooyeon Lim,Jin-Chul Ahn,Eun Jin Lee,Jongkee Kim

doi:10.1186/s13765-020-00561-7

Abstract

Sulforaphene (SFE), a major isothiocyanate in radish seeds, is a close chemical relative of sulforaphane (SFA) isolated from broccoli seeds and florets. The anti-proliferative mechanisms of SFA against cancer cells have been well investigated, but little is known about the potential anti-proliferative effects of SFE. In this study, we showed that SFE purified from radish seeds inhibited the growth of six cancer cell lines (A549, CHO, HeLa, Hepa1c1c7, HT-29, and LnCaP), with relative half maximal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 1.37 to 3.31 μg/mL. Among the six cancer cell lines, SFE showed the greatest growth inhibition against A549 lung cancer cells, where it induced apoptosis by changing the levels of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3, -8, and -9. Our results indicate that SFE from radish seeds may have significant anti-proliferative potency against a broad range of human cancer cells via induction of apoptosis.

Highlights

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are major secondary metabolites found in Brassica vegetables such as radish, broccoli, kale, and kimchi cabbage
Glucoraphenin (GRE), the GSL corresponding to GRA in broccoli, is broken down into SFE, Lim et al Appl Biol Chem (2020) 63:75 rather than SFE nitrile, because radish seeds and sprouts lack the epithiospecifier protein (ESP), which promotes nitrile formation during the breakdown of GSLs by myrosinase [12]
It was reported that the potency of anticancer against human gastric cancer, thyroid cancer, and esophageal cancer cell lines and that SFE extracts in radish roots have a significant and specific anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells [8, 13,14,15]

Summary

Introduction

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are major secondary metabolites found in Brassica vegetables such as radish, broccoli, kale, and kimchi cabbage. GSLs are not bioactive, but their hydrolytic breakdown products are thought to protect against cancer [1]. Radish seeds and sprouts are rich in sulforaphene (SFE), a major ITC with a chemical structure similar to that of SFA [12]. The anticancer properties of SFA from broccoli have been well documented, and research on the potential biological activities of SFE from radish are continuously update for recent. It was reported that the potency of anticancer against human gastric cancer, thyroid cancer, and esophageal cancer cell lines and that SFE extracts in radish roots have a significant and specific anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells [8, 13,14,15]. We investigated the biological activity of SFE obtained from radish seeds on anti-proliferation assay of six cancer cell lines. We tried to imply the mechanisms of apoptosis in cancer cells which is considering the efficacy of anti-proliferation under above mentioned six cancer cell lines

Methods

Results

Conclusion