Antiplasmodial Activity of compounds isolated from Albizia chevalieri against Plasmodium falciparum

Abstract

Therapeutic plants play a key position in malaria control in Africa, especially in public areas where health facilities are insufficient. In order to charge their much-admired potentials, this study is aimed to determine the in-vitro antiplasmodial activity of the compound isolated from Albizia chevalieri against plasmodium falciparum. The three Arial parts of the plant was extracted with methanol via maceration method. The most active extracts were isolated for bioactive compounds using column chromatographic technique while Antiplasmodial assay for the isolated compounds was also carried out in duplicate in the 96-well microtitre plate; Exactly 100µl of culture medium was dispensed into all the wells in a 96-well microtitre plate leaving only the “A” series. Then, 100µl of the working solutions (isolated compounds and standard drugs) were pipette in to the well “A” series. Serial dilutions were then prepared by pipetting 50µl of the solutions from the “A” series well down the rows up to the” G”series wells, leaving series 12 from wells, down the rows to “H” only with the culture medium, serving as control. The extra 50 µl of test substance dilution series were discarded. Exactly 25 µl of the infected red cells was separated and were added into all the wells in the test plates using the multi-channel micropipette and were mixed by swirling with the tips to ensure homogeneity. The microtitre plates were incubated in CO2 condition at 370C in candle jar for 30 hours. The effect of A.chevalieri compounds isolates and reference drug showed a decrease in percentage parasitaemia with increasing concentration. With regard to concentrations administered, a dose-dependent antimalarial activity was clearly shown for isolates and the reference drugs. artemether, root isolate and leaf isolate exhibited a remarkable antiplasmodial activity, the pure isolates when compared with the standard drug that has the highest percentage inhibition shows no significance difference at (P>0.05), but when compared with the other drugs such as Chloroquine, Quinine shows a significance difference at (P>0.05). It is concluded that the antiplasmodial activity of the plant on P. falciparum suggests its effectiveness in the treatment of malaria infection. The work also confirms the likelihood of conducting in-vivo antiplasmodial activity of the isolated compounds from Albizia chevalier.