Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Lupus Nephritis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies with other types of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) (antiphosphatidylserine—aPS, antiphosphatidylinositol—aPI, antiphosphatidylethanolamine—aPE) in patients with lupus nephritis and to find if the examination of a panel of various aPL is valuable for further diagnosis of patients. Additionally we determined the levels of autoantibodies against β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (anti-oxLDL) and also investigated the relationship between antibodies against β2GPI and oxLDL, which were assessed by ELISA methods. Twenty-two patients with lupus nephritis were studied. The control group consisted of 62 healthy blood donors. A statistically significant higher occurrence of all aPLs in the patients with lupus nephritis in comparison to the control group was found. The prevalence of polyspecific antibodies, which reacted with at least two various phospholipids, was 82% in the group of SLE patients. Significantly higher levels of IgG anti-β2GPI in the sera of SLE patients (p = 0.0003) was detected. The levels of anti-oxLDL in the sera of the patients group did not differ significantly from the control one. Some positive samples for anti-β2GPI and negative for aCL or anti-oxLDL and vice versa were found. It can be concluded that the production of aPL including anti-β2GPI and anti-oxLDL in the lupus nephritis patients is higher in comparison with healthy blood donors. We assume that the estimation of various types of aPL may be important in the selection of the group patients with renal diseases. The synthesis of aPL can reflect the spreading of the autoimmune response for several antigens modified on the vessel wall.