Abstract
Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the beneficial and neuroprotective role of some Low-Molecular-Weight antioxidants (LMWA) in the treatment of TBI in albino rats.
 Methods: TBI was induced in adult albino rats using the weight-drop method. A total of 70 Rats was used and were divided into 12 treatment groups, a traumatized non-treated group (TNT) and a Non-traumatized non-treated group (NTNT). There were 5 rats per group. Each of the treatment groups received 22.5 or 45 mg/kg of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Alpha Lipoic acid (ALA), Uric acid (UA), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), or Mannitol. Treatment was started 30 min after the trauma and continued for 21 days. To evaluate the functional outcomes, the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was calculated. The antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed to evaluate oxidative stress (OS). 
 Results: At 7 days post-TBI, the antioxidant-treated groups exhibited significant (p
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