Abstract
Leaves of Crateva adansonii DC. [Capparaceae], a small bush found in Togo, are widely used in traditional medicine to cure infectious abscess. Traditional healers harvest only young leaves and sprouts early in the morning in order to prepare their drugs. To validate this ancestral practice, we performed a phytochemical screening of various C. adansonii leaves samples collected in different neighborhoods in Lomé (Adidogomé (A), Bé (B2, B3, B4), Campus (C2, C3, C4) and Djidjolé (D1, D2, D3, D4)), at different time (5 am, 12 am, 5 pm, 10 pm) and at different ages (sprout, young leaves and old one). The screening was performed by HPTLC analyses using EtOAc/formic acid/acetic acid/water (100:11:11:26, v/v) as mobile phase, and UV scanner at 360nm for detection. Main antioxidant compounds were found to be quercitrin and isoquercitrin. Using antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) as selection criteria, optimal extracts were obtained with sprout leaves, collected at 5:00 am in Djidjolé (Radical scavenging capacity around 600µmol Trolox/g of extract, 5% of quercitrin and isoquercitrin). Wound healing potential was then investigated for several extracts in vitro on keratinocytes stimulated by Staphylococcus aureus proteins. Anti-inflammatory activity was highlighted with flavonoids-rich extracts, especially against TNF-α. Those results validate the traditional practices and the potential of C. adansonii as a wound healing drug.
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