Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of deinoxanthin-rich extract from Deinococcus radiodurans (EDR) against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice.Methods: The ethanol extract of EDR was analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and its antioxidant activity was examined using in vitro assays for reducing power, iron chelating activity and lipid peroxidation. The extract was also evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum, and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver tissue, as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, were measured to monitor liver injury. Damage to liver cells was assessed by histology.Results: EDR displayed strong reducing activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity in vitro. Pretreatment with EDR (400 mg/kg b.w.) significantly reduced activities of serum ALT, AST and ALP, as well as hepatic MDA levels (p < 0.05), but increased the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and SOD. Histopathological assessment showed that liver tissue damage was decreased by the protective effect of EDR.Conclusion: The results show that EDR can protect mice against CCl4-induced hepatic damage by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.Keywords: Antioxidant, Deinoxanthin, Deinococcus radiodurans, Hepatoprotective, Carbon tetrachloride, Liver damage
Highlights
The results show that extract from Deinococcus radiodurans (EDR) can protect mice against CCl4-induced hepatic damage by its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities
Free radicals formed during oxidation processes which occur in food products and biological systems are known to be responsible for oxidative deterioration of food, adverse health effects, and accelerated aging [1]
Endogenous antioxidants play an important role in the resistance capabilities of D. radiodurans, and it has been shown that the bacterium can synthesize a unique carotenoid, deinoxanthin [8]
Summary
Free radicals formed during oxidation processes which occur in food products and biological systems are known to be responsible for oxidative deterioration of food, adverse health effects, and accelerated aging [1]. We report for the first time the effects of deinoxanthin-rich extract derived from D. radiodurans on CCl4-induced hepatic damage in mice. The iron-chelating ability of all the samples was determined by chelation of ferrous ions by either the extracts or control samples and estimation by the method as described previously [13] In this assay, 0.2 mL of the samples at different concentrations (0 - 10.0 μg/mL) was added to a solution of 2 mM FeCl2 (0.05 mL). Group III – EDR (200 mg/kg b.w.) + CCl4, and Group IV - EDR (400 mg/kg b.w.) + CCl4: mice received a daily dose of EDR dissolved in olive oil (200 and 400 mg/kg b.w., respectively) orally from first day to tenth day of study, a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.4 % CCl4 at 0.1mL/10g b.w. after 1 h of EDR oral on tenth day. Portions sample of liver were excised and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathology
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