Abstract
Background. Following petroleum, coffee is the second most commonly traded commodity globally. It is also a popular good with economic value, as well as value in terms of leisure and culture. However, coffee processing generates a large amount of waste, resulting in environmental concerns. Therefore, in this study, ethanol was used to extract coffee waste (coffee pulp). High-performance liquid chromatography was conducted to examine the caffeine content and chlorogenic acid content, and the antioxidant capacity (i.e., the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, ABTS-free radical scavenging capacity, and reductive capacity) and the tyrosinase inhibition capacity of the coffee pulp extracted using ethanol were comprehensively evaluated. Results. The results showed that the coffee pulp extract obtained using 70% ethanol had the highest tyrosinase inhibition capacity, whereas that obtained using 50% ethanol had the most satisfactory antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, ABTS-free radical scavenging capacity, and reductive capacity). Conclusion. The results revealed that coffee pulp has superior antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase inhibition capacity when extracted by ethanol. Increasing the economic value of coffee pulp can solve the environmental concerns caused by coffee waste.
Highlights
Coffee has many benefits for the body
A literature review revealed that few studies have conducted a complete evaluation of the effect of ethanol-extracted coffee pulp on enhancing the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition capacity of cosmetic products. erefore, in this study, the optimal condition for extracting coffee pulp by using ethanol was explored, and the coffee pulp’s antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition capacity was analyzed to increase its economic value and solve the environmental concerns caused by coffee waste
E results implied that the caffeine content increased with the decrease in the ethanol concentration
Summary
Coffee has many benefits for the body. It protects cells from damage [1] and cardiovascular diseases [2] and reduces the risk of cancer [3]; coffee is an essential commodity and a popular beverage [4]. Following petroleum, coffee has become the second most traded goods worldwide [5, 8] It is a beverage and an essential factor for human beings with economic value, as well as value in terms of leisure and culture. Coffee is the second most commonly traded commodity globally It is a popular good with economic value, as well as value in terms of leisure and culture. E results showed that the coffee pulp extract obtained using 70% ethanol had the highest tyrosinase inhibition capacity, whereas that obtained using 50% ethanol had the most satisfactory antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity, ABTS-free radical scavenging capacity, and reductive capacity). Increasing the economic value of coffee pulp can solve the environmental concerns caused by coffee waste
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