Abstract
Imbalance oxidative status occurs when oxidative stress is higher in the body due to the production of reactive oxygen species. Thus, antioxidants are needed to counteract the production of free radicals. Reoccurrence of oxidative stress in the lung cells will eventually lead to inflammation and edema. This will result to a severe prognosis of lung diseases. Our interest is to populate certain mechanisms that can be activated during this process by reversing the oxidative stress status. Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have been suggested as one of the powerful antioxidants that can quench free radicals. The mechanistic pathway may involve Protein Kinase C, which correlates well with the expression of the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC). ENaC plays an important role in sodium uptake thus stimulate lung liquid clearance. The failure of lung clearance will interrupt gaseous exchange thus eventually lead to death. This review will discuss on the antioxidant properties of PtNPs as well as the underlying mechanism of PKC and ENaC in maintaining the oxidative status in the lung cells.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is growing exponentially with the creation of a variety of products from nanoparticles like silver, titanium, gold, lead, zinc, silicon and platinum
Imbalance oxidative status occurs when oxidative stress is higher in the body due to the production of reactive oxygen species
This review will discuss on the antioxidant properties of Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) as well as the underlying mechanism of Protein Kinase C (PKC) and ENaC in maintaining the oxidative status in the lung cells
Summary
Nanotechnology is growing exponentially with the creation of a variety of products from nanoparticles like silver, titanium, gold, lead, zinc, silicon and platinum. Nanomedicine lies under nanotechnology that widely explored by researchers to be one of the solutions in lung cancer’s treatment. Metal nanoparticles such as titanium, gold, silver and platinum have been proven to be a potential antioxidant (Table 1). Whilst many extensive researches only focused on the first three metals, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) has been given less attention. The presence of antioxidants such as PtNPs is proposed to reduce the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PtNPs have been only used as a catalyst for their high conductivity and reactivity properties in medicine (Cheng et al, 2009). Reduce cell viability and increase LDH release in A549 human lung cells
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