Antioxidant, Preliminary Phytochemicals, and GC-MS Analysis Reveald Bioactive Potential of Mucuna Pruriens (L.) DC. Leaves and Seeds

Abstract

The bioactive potential of Mucuna pruriens leaves and seed extracted in five different solvents was evaluated by preliminary phytochemicals, antioxidant and GCMS analysis. The maximum antioxidant activity was found to be 76.96% in seeds extracted with ethanol and 72.50% in leaves extracted with petroleum ether. The preliminary photochemical analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids and terpenoids in plant but this detection was solvent dependent. The GCMS profiling reported 24 and 30 bioactive compounds in various solvents leaves and seeds extracts respectively. Among these compounds 20 compounds from leaves and 16 compounds from seeds reported bioactivity. The solvent dependent variations in compounds extraction were also observed. The major relative percentage of compounds in leaves extract includes Benzamide,N-[2-[4-[5-[3,3-dimethyloxiranyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-pentenyl]oxy] phenyl]ethyl (15.83%) in petroleum ether, 2-Pentanone,4-hydroxy-4-methyl (35.52%) in acetone, 2-2-Dimethyl butanedioic acid (35.52%) in ethanol and 2-Pentanone.4-methoxy-4-methyl (47.12%) in methanol. While in seed extract Oxalic acid cyclohexyl pentyl ester (13.37%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (11.28%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid[zz] (39.08%) in petroleum ether, 1-octadecyne (19.08%) in chloroform and 2-Pentanone.4-methoxy-4-methyl (47.64%) in methanol. Most of the compounds has antioxidant, antifungal, hypocholesterolemic, antimicrobial, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic and anti-cancerous properties. Therefore these bioactive compounds validate the use of the plant to cure various ailments by traditional practitioners and bioactive profiling will helpful for researchers to explore its applicability.