Abstract
Objective: Evaluate the antioxidant, phytochemicals and antibacterial screening of leaves extracts of Peristrophe bicalyculata.Methods: The antibacterial activity against the respiratory tract pathogens i.e., Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 1144), Streptococcus pneumoniae (MTCC 655), Streptococcus pyogenes (MTCC 442), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2474) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 4030) was examined by the method agar well diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) was determined by the method of twofold serial dilution. Broad spectrum antibiotic erythromycin was used as positive control and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) used as negative control. The qualitative method was adapted for phytoconstituents screening and antioxidant activity of plant extract was examined by DPPH free radical scavenging method.Results: The results showed that the chloroform (CHF) extract has a higher degree of antibacterial potency then the other extract. The zone of inhibition showed by chloroform extract against tested bacteria ranged between 9.3±0.59 mm to 26.6±0.66 mm, respectively. MICs values were recorded between 6.25 mg/ml to 25 mg/ml against all the test organisms. Phytoconstituents analysis of P. bicalyculata extract exposed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, saponins and tannins. The methanolic extract of P. bicalyculata % inhibition of DPPH radical is up to 86.33%. The P. bicalyculata (Methanolic extract) gives best antioxidant activity than another extract.Conclusion: This investigation ropes a good answer to the use of P. bicalyculata as a natural antioxidant and in herbal medicine as a support for the development of new drugs and phytomedicine in the foundation for its use in remedial of respiratory infectious diseases.
Highlights
Medicinal plants represent a prime source of antimicrobial agents
Chloroform extract of P. bicalyculata showed a high degree of antibacterial activity in comparison to other three extracts
The chloroform extract was highly active against S. aureus (MTCC 1144) (26.6±0.66 mm) and lowest inhibition against K. pneumoniae (MTCC 4030) (18.3±0.79 mm) in comparison to other solvent extracts
Summary
Medicinal plants represent a prime source of antimicrobial agents. Plants are used medicinally in different countries and are a basis of many effective and controlling drugs. Medicinal plants are supposed to be a central source of new chemical substances with possible therapeutic effects. The secondary metabolites of plants were found to be a source of various phytoconstituents that could be openly used as intermediates for the production of new drugs. The conventional medicine should be able to play an even greater role in the current prime healthcare system of the developing countries. The natural medicines are understood to be more acceptable to the human body when compare to recent synthetic drugs. The central factor needed is to take the maximum benefit from the traditional system of medicine for provided that sufficient healthcare service to pastoral people [2]
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