Antioxidant, hemolytic, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of the tropical Atlantic marine zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum.

Daniel B Alencar,Francisco A Viana,Arthur A Melo,Adriana S Rabelo,Kelma M.S Pires-Cavalcante,Rômulo F Carneiro,Giselle C Silva,Silvana Saker-Sampaio,Alexandre H Sampaio,Regine H.S.F Vieira,Oscarina V Sousa,Rebeca L Lima

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201520140370

Abstract

Marine invertebrates are capable of synthesizing bioactive compounds, which may be beneficial to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, hemolytic, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of crude extract (70% EtOH), and dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and aqueous (Aq) fractions of the marine zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum. The phenolic compound contents of the crude extract, DCM, EtOAc and Aq fractions were 12.33, 18.17, 10.53, and 3.18 mg GAE per gram, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed slight variation. IC50 of crude extract, DCM, EtOAc and Aq fractions were 11.13, 11.25, 11.74, and 11.28 µg mL(-1), respectively. Among the sample, ferrous ion chelating was the highest in crude extract (IC50 302.90 µg mL(-1)), followed by EtOAc, Aq, and DCM fractions with 457.77, 547.91, and 641.82 µg mL(-1), respectively. Ferric-reducing antioxidant power showed optical density at about 0.5. The samples tested exhibited low hemolytic activity under 10% up to a concentration of 50 μg mL(-1). No antimicrobial activity was observed against any of the tested bacterial strains. For the cytotoxic activity, LC50 of DCM, crude extract, EtOAc, and Aq were 52.10, 83.06, 86.34, and 117.45 μg mL(-1), showing high toxicity.

Highlights

In recent decades, the discovery of new substances isolated from marine organisms has increased
P. caribaeorum 70% EtOH crude extract was concentrated by reduced-pressure distillation, and liquid-liquid partitioned with sequential elution with dichloromethane (DMC), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and water (Aq)
The highest total phenolic content (TPC) values were observed in DCM fractions, followed by the 70% EtOH crude extract and the EtOAc and Aq fractions (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

The discovery of new substances isolated from marine organisms has increased. These substances may be biologically active and may have well-defined biological properties, e.g., Antioxidants play an important role in biological systems, including cell signaling pathways and defense against oxidative damage. Intracellular antioxidant activity prevents damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since multidrug resistance is a well-documented health problem, an important aspect of the search for natural compounds isolated from marine organisms is their antimicrobial activity (Al-Haj et al 2010, Silva et al 2013, Vieira et al 2010). Marine organisms are natural sources of diverse synthesized biocompounds that have specific protective functions against grazing, epiphytes and infections caused by microorganisms. The biological activity of these biocompounds may have therapeutic applications of consequence to human health (Blunt et al 2014, Radjasa et al 2011, Senthilkumar and Kim 2013)

Objectives

Methods

Results