Abstract
Some antioxidant compounds decrease the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently reduce the deleterious effects of ROS in osteoblasts. Thus, these compounds fight against osteoporosis. Brown seaweeds are a rich source of antioxidant fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (fucans and fucoidans). We obtained six fucoidans (FRFs)—F0.3, F0.5, F0.7, F1.0, F1.5, and F2.1—from Dictyota mertensii by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. Except for F0.3, all FRFs showed antioxidant activity in different in vitro tests. In pre- osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-L1) exposed to H2O2-oxidative stress, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were activated, resulting in apoptosis of the cells. We also observed a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The antioxidant FRFs protected the cells from the oxidative damage caused by H2O2, decreasing intracellular ROS and caspase activation, and increasing SOD activity. The most effective protection against damage was provided by F0.7, F1.5, and F2.1. At 0.5 mg/mL, these FRFs also suppressed the H2O2-mediated inhibition of ALP activity. The data indicated that FRFs F0.7, F1.5, and F2.1 from D. mertensii were antioxidants that protected bone tissue from oxidative stress and could represent possible adjuvants for the treatment of bone fragility through counteracting oxidative phenomena.
Highlights
Bone cells form specialized connective tissue that is responsible for the support and protection of vital organs
In contrast to the negative control (NC), the cells exposed only to H2O2 were able to reduce just 23% of contrast to the negative control (NC), the cells exposed only to H2 O2 were able to reduce just 23% of reduced byby thethe
To evaluate the antioxidant effects of FRFs, we investigated the effect of FRF on H2O2mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
Summary
Bone cells form specialized connective tissue that is responsible for the support and protection of vital organs. Bone development is a dynamic and continuous process of bone resorption and formation, mediated by differentiated osteoclasts and osteoblasts; this process is named bone remodeling, and its role is to maintain the activity of these specialized cells in harmony, as well as calcium serum levels and inorganic bone mineral density [2]. An imbalance in this homeostasis may lead to some diseases; the most common is osteoporosis, a disease that results in the reduction of bone mineral density, which increases the risk of fractures [3].
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