Abstract
The optimum conditions for the antioxidant extraction from maqui berry were determined using a response surface methodology. A three level D-optimal design was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables namely, solvent type (methanol, acetone and ethanol), solvent concentration and extraction time over total antioxidant capacity by using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. The D-optimal design considered 42 experiments including 10 central point replicates. A second-order polynomial model showed that more than 89% of the variation is explained with a satisfactory prediction (78%). ORAC values are higher when acetone was used as a solvent at lower concentrations, and the extraction time range studied showed no significant influence on ORAC values. The optimal conditions for antioxidant extraction obtained were 29% of acetone for 159 min under agitation. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the given predictive model describes an antioxidant extraction process from maqui berry.
Highlights
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol]Stuntz) is a native South America evergreen shrub
It was found that the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value varied in wide ranges 3419.5–19,105.7 μmol TE/100 g depending on the changes of process variables
No-significant impact was found on the response for “extraction time” variable
Summary
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol]Stuntz) is a native South America evergreen shrub. Particular attention has been paid to polyphenols and anthocyanins content in this berry, for its use as natural colorant, and for its potential beneficial effects on human health, including the use as dietary supplements in functional food products [1,2]. The antioxidant capacity of maqui berry has been outstanding due to its high ORAC value, surpassing many fruits, i.e., blueberry, strawberry, raspberry, blackberry [3], Cape gooseberry and papaya [4], pomegranate, acai and cranberry [2]. This property relates maqui consumption to health benefits such as anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects and the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease [2]. Since the ORAC assay uses fluorescence for detection, it is ideal for the antioxidant analysis of red to blue colored anthocyanin rich extracts such as maqui berry extract [6]
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