Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxic Effects of Catechins and Resveratrol Oligomers Produced by Enzymatic Oxidation against T24 Human Urinary Bladder Cancer Cells

Claudia Lizet Meneses-Gutiérrez,Jacqueline Hernández-Damián,María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores,Dario Iker Téllez,Isabel Guerrero-Legarreta,José Pedraza-Chaverri

doi:10.3390/antiox8070214

Abstract

In this work the polymerization of catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol was carried out through a peroxidase oxidation process in order to improve the biological activity of these phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of the oligomers was evaluated by their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their capacity to chelate metal ions Fe2+ and Cu2+. The antitumor effect of the oligomers was determined by their ability to induce toxicity in the T24 human bladder cancer cell line. By enzymatic peroxidase oxidation, it was possible to produce oligomers of catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol with antioxidant capacity significantly higher than their preceding monomers. The ROS scavenging capacity of the oligomers was 20 times higher than that of the monomers, while the ability of the oligomers to chelate metal ions increased up to about 1000 times. Our data show the antitumor effect of the oligomers of catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol in the T24 cell line, which was similar to that observed with cisplatin. Oligomers of catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol have great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases and bladder cancer.

Highlights

In the last decade, the scientific and medical communities have performed a significant number of studies evaluating the biological properties of phenolic compounds (PCs) and their effects on human health [1,2,3,4]
In the control reaction (CR) of catechin and epicatechin, neither changes in color nor precipitate formation were observed, suggesting that PCs were not oxidized by H2 O2, nor due to autoxidation processes
In the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the CR obtained at different reaction times, it was found that catechin (Figure 1D) and epicatechin (Figure 1E) were not oxidized, as the peaks of maximum absorption were maintained at 202 and 278 nm, which are characteristic of catechin and epicatechin

Summary

Introduction

The scientific and medical communities have performed a significant number of studies evaluating the biological properties of phenolic compounds (PCs) and their effects on human health [1,2,3,4]. It has been demonstrated, in vivo and in vitro, that catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol, which can be found in cocoa, tea, and red wine, prevent and improve treatment of chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer [5,6], diabetes [7], and neurodegenerative [8] diseases, among others.

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