Antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of different parts of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostanaLinn.) extracts

Abstract

Introduction. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is a tropical fruit that is famous for its edible pulp. This edible pulp makes up only 30% of the total fruit, while the remaining pericarp and seed are regarded as waste. Facing the increasing public demand for naturally safe foods and products, our study aimed to elucidate the antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of different parts of mangosteen, including the pericarp, pulp and seed. Materials and methods. The antioxidant capacities of mangosteen's pericarp, pulp and seed extracts were determined using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, whereas antibacterial activity was determined using the disc diffusion method. Results. The pericarp extract exhibited higher antioxidant capaci- ties than those of pulp and seed extracts, with a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) value of 122.00 µM·g -1 and ferrous sulphate equivalent antioxidant capacity (FEAC) value of 18.99 mM·g -1 . All mangosteen extracts showed strong inhibition against Staphylococ- cus aureus ATCC11632, while only the pericarp extract was effective against Bacillus cereus ATCC10876. No inhibition against Escherichia coli ATCC10536 was observed. Conclusion. The outcomes of our study could facilitate future application of mangosteen waste as a bio- preservative in the food industry. Malaysia / Garcinia mangostana / fruits / fruit extracts / pericarp / seed extracts / fruit pulps / antimicrobial properties / antioxidants