Abstract
Cancer is an unnatural type of tissue growth in which the cells exhibit unrestrained division, leading to a progressive increase in the number of dividing cells. It is now the second largest cause of death in the world. The present study concerned antioxidant, anticancer and anticholinesterase activities and protocatechuic, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and o-coumaric concentrations in methanol extracts of flowers, fruits and seeds of Hypericum amblysepalum. Antioxidant properties including free radical scavenging activity and reducing power, and amounts of total phenolic compounds were evaluated using different tests. Protocatechuic, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and o-coumaric concentrations in extracts were determined by HPLC. Cytotoxic effects were determined using the MTT test with human cervix cancer (HeLa) and rat kidney epithelium cell (NRK-52E) lines. Acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities were measured by by Ellman method. Total phenolic content of H. amblysepalum seeds was found to be higher than in fruit and flower extracts. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the obtained extracts gave satisfactory results versus butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene as controls. Reducing power activity was linearly proportional to the studied concentration range: 10-500 μg/ mL LC50 values for H. amblysepalum seeds were 11.7 and 2.86 respectively for HeLa and NRK-52E cell lines. Butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitory activity was 76.9±0.41 for seed extract and higher than with other extracts. The present results suggested that H. amblysepalum could be a potential candidate anti-cancer drug for the treatment of human cervical cancer, and good source of natural antioxidants.
Highlights
Superoxides, oxygen derived species, are well known to be cytotoxic and have been implicated in the etiology of a wide array of human diseases, such as cancer (Gulam and Haseeb, 2006).It is a well-documented fact that exposure of organisms to exogenous and endogenous factors generates a wide range of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Baris et al, 2011)
Cancer is an unnatural type of tissue growth in which the cells exhibit unrestrained division, leading to a progressive increase in the number of dividing cells
Cancer is an unnatural type of tissue growth in which the cells exhibit an unrestrained division, leading to a progressive increase in the number of dividing cell and it is the second largest cause of death in the world (Kanchana and Balakrishna, 2011), and it causes about 13% of all annual deaths worldwide (Karimi et al, 2014)
Summary
Superoxides, (radical, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical) oxygen derived species, are well known to be cytotoxic and have been implicated in the etiology of a wide array of human diseases, such as cancer (Gulam and Haseeb, 2006).It is a well-documented fact that exposure of organisms to exogenous and endogenous factors generates a wide range of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Baris et al, 2011). The present study concerned antioxidant, anticancer and anticholinesterase activities and protocatechuic, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and o-coumaric concentrations in methanol extracts of flowers, fruits and seeds of Hypericum amblysepalum. Results: Total phenolic content of H. amblysepalum seeds was found to be higher than in fruit and flower extracts.
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