Abstract
BackgroundRanunculus arvensis L. (R. arvensis) has long been used to treat a variety of medical conditions such as arthritis, asthma, hay fever, rheumatism, psoriasis, gut diseases and rheumatic pain. Here, we screened R. arvensis for antioxidant activity, phytochemical and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses.MethodsThe chloroform, chloroform:methanol, methanol, methanol:acetone, acetone, methanol:water and water extracts of R. arvensis were examined for DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power assay, flavonoid content, phenolic content and high performance liquid chromatography analysis.ResultsSignificant antioxidant activity was displayed by methanol extract (IC50 34.71 ± 0.02) in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Total flavonoids and phenolics ranged 0.96–6.0 mg/g of extract calculated as rutin equivalent and 0.48–1.43 mg/g of extract calculated as gallic acid equivalent respectively. Significant value of rutin and caffeic acid was observed via high performance liquid chromatography.ConclusionsThese results showed that extracts of R. arvensis exhibited significant antioxidant activities. Moreover, R. arvensis is a rich source of rutin, flavonoids and phenolics.
Highlights
MethodsThe chloroform, chloroform:methanol, methanol, methanol:acetone, acetone, methanol:water and water extracts of R. arvensis were examined for DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power assay, flavonoid content, phenolic content and high performance liquid chromatography analysis
Ranunculus arvensis L. (R. arvensis) has long been used to treat a variety of medical conditions such as arthritis, asthma, hay fever, rheumatism, psoriasis, gut diseases and rheumatic pain
R. arvensis is a rich source of rutin, flavonoids and phenolics
Summary
Preparation of plant extracts Fresh R. arvensis (L.) was collected in May 2011 from F. The extracts were prepared by soaking 30 g of ground plant powder in 300 mL of various solvents i.e. chloroform, chloroform:methanol (1:1), methanol, methanol:acetone (1:1), acetone, methanol:water (1:1) and water They were placed in a shaking incubator (1575-2, Shel Lab., USA) at 150 rpm for 24 h at room temperature (28 ± 2°C) and sonicated for 5 min after 12 h. The ability of the extracts to scavenge the H2O2 was calculated using the following equation: H2O2 scavenging activity percentage = [(A0 − A1)/A0] × 100 where: A0 = Absorbance of control, A1 = Absorbance of sample. Aliquot of 0.5 mL of various extracts (1 mg/mL) were mixed with 1.5 mL of methanol, followed by the addition of 0.1 mL of 10% aluminum chloride, 0.1 mL of potassium acetate (1 M) and 2.8 mL of distilled water. Latin square design (LSD) was applied to testify the significance of concentrations and extracts
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