Abstract
Propolis is a complex bioactive mixture produced by bees, known to have different biological activities, especially in countries where there is a rich biodiversity of plant species. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of Brazilian propolis from the species Plebeia droryana and Apis mellifera found in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. In the ethanolic extracts of P. droryana propolis (ExEP-P) and A. mellifera (ExEP-A) acids, phenolic compounds, terpenes and tocopherol were identified as major compounds. Both extracts presented antioxidant activity against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, the maximum activities being 500 μg/mL (ExEP-P) and 300 μg/mL (ExEP-A). However, only ExEP-A was able to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by the oxidizing agent 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), which inhibited oxidative hemolysis and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in human erythrocytes for 4 h of incubation. The extracts also reduced the cell viability of the K562 erythroleukemia tumour line, with a predominance of necrotic death. Thus, it is concluded that the propolis produced by P. droryana and A. mellifera contain important compounds capable of minimizing the action of oxidizing substances in the organism and reducing the viability of erythroleukemia cells.
Highlights
Propolis is a bee product resulting from the collection of resin from different parts of plants, such as buds of leaves, branches, flowers and pollen, with the addition of mandibular secretions from bees
Many bee species are capable of producing propolis, among them Apis mellifera [1] and some species of stingless bees known as meliponine bees [2,3]
The structures of phenolic compounds have at least one aromatic ring with one or more attached hydroxyl groups, which are capable of donating hydrogen or electrons, preventing the oxidation of other substances, lipids [39,45]
Summary
Propolis is a bee product resulting from the collection of resin from different parts of plants, such as buds of leaves, branches, flowers and pollen, with the addition of mandibular secretions from bees. Many bee species are capable of producing propolis, among them Apis mellifera [1] and some species of stingless bees known as meliponine bees [2,3]. Biological activities of propolis of Plebeia droryana and Apis mellifera. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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