Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Artemisia monosperma L. and Tamarix aphylla L. essential oils

Ramy M Romeilah,Emad A Shalaby,Hani El Moll,Kareem M Younes,Saravanan Rajendrasozhan,Heba Mohamed,Hossam S El-Beltagi

doi:10.15835/nbha49112233

Abstract

Essential (volatile) oil from leaves of Artemisia monosperma L. belonging to family Asteraceae, and aerial parts of Tamarix aphylla L. (Athel) belonging to family Tamaricaceae were collected from the desert of Ha'il region, northern region of Saudi Arabia, hydro distilled by Clevenger apparatus and analysed by means of GC-MS techniques. Antioxidant activities of essential oils of A. monosperma and T. aphylla compared with ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as reference antioxidant compound were determined by method of DPPH radical scavenging assay and ABTS assay. In vitro screening of potential cytotoxicity of essential oils was also evaluated against human promyelocytic leukaemia cell lines (HL60 and NB4). The GC/MS analysis of A. monosperma essential oil resulted in identification of 61 components predominated mainly by β-Pinene as principal component (29.87%) and T. aphylla resulted in identification of 37 components of essential oil predominated mainly by 6,10,14- trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (21.43%) as principal component. Antioxidant activity as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) increased with increasing essential oil concentrations of A. monosperma and T. aphylla (25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 μg mL-1). The most pronounced increases detected in the high concentrations of the two essential oils. Biologically, essential oil extracts exhibited cytotoxicity effects in dose dependent manner against human promyelocytic leukaemia cell lines (HL60 and NB4). In conclusion, A. monosperma and T. aphylla essential oils could be valuable source for cytotoxic agents with high safety and selective cytotoxicity profiles.

Highlights

In the Ancient history there were used plants and other natural products for a range of purposes such as food, decorations, clothing, soaps, cosmetics, and medicinal uses (Pandey and Tripathi, 2011)
Plant material The leaves of Artemisia monosperma belonging to family Asteraceae, and aerial parts of Tamarix aphylla L (Athel) belonging to family Tamaricaceae were collected from desert of Ha'il region, northern region of Saudi Arabia
Artemisia judaica and Artemisia sieberi growing in northern region of Saudi Arabia were investigated regarding their volatile oil contents

Summary

Introduction

In the Ancient history there were used plants and other natural products for a range of purposes such as food, decorations, clothing, soaps, cosmetics, and medicinal uses (Pandey and Tripathi, 2011). Essential oilbearing plants were observed to be useful in traditional medicine for treatment and/or prevention of various diseases (Mohamed et al, 2018a, b; El-Beltagi et al, 2018; 2019a, b). Aromatherapy, a major complementary and alternative medicine industry is very commonly used in essential oils (CAM). It is used for a series of diseases for treatment, it is utilized in variety of activities, including inhalations, oral administrations, mouthwashes, and even trans-dermal processes (Bae et al, 2018). Essential oils contain various chemical classes such as terpenoids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, oxides, phenolic ethers, and hydrocarbons (Aly et al, 2013; Dhif et al, 2016; Hamed et al, 2019)

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