Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of twenty-four Vitis vinifera grapes.

Zhenchang Liang,Rui Hai Liu,Lailiang Cheng,Gan-Yuan Zhong,Gianfranco Pintus

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105146

Zhenchang Liang, Rui Hai Liu + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105146

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Abstract

Grapes are rich in phytochemicals with many proven health benefits. Phenolic profiles, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of twenty-four selected Vitis vinifera grape cultivars were investigated in this study. Large ranges of variation were found in these cultivars for the contents of total phenolics (95.3 to 686.5 mg/100 g) and flavonoids (94.7 to 1055 mg/100 g) and antioxidant activities (oxygen radical absorbance capacity 378.7 to 3386.0 mg of Trolox equivalents/100 g and peroxylradical scavenging capacity14.2 to 557 mg of vitamin C equivalents/100 g), cellular antioxidant activities (3.9 to 139.9 µmol of quercetin equivalents/100 g without PBS wash and 1.4 to 95.8 µmol of quercetin equivalents /100 g with PBS wash) and antiproliferative activities (25 to 82% at the concentrations of 100 mg/mL extracts).The total antioxidant activities were significantly correlated with the total phenolics and flavonoids. However, no significant correlations were found between antiproliferative activities and total phenolics or total flavonoids content. Wine grapes and color grapes showed much higher levels of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities than table grapes and green/yellow grapes. Several germplasm accessions with much high contents of phenolics and flavonoids, and total antioxidant activity were identified. These germplasm can be valuable sources of genes for breeding grape cultivars with better nutritional qualities of wine and table grapes in the future.

Highlights

Fruits, as an important part of diet, are beneficial for human health.The Dietary Guidelines for Americans provide three reasons to eat more fruits and vegetables [1]
Flavanols, flavonols, stilbenes and phenolic acids and their contents and profiles can vary significantly among different V. vinifera cultivars [2,35].There have been studies attempting to link phytochemical profiles with their total antioxidant activities in V. vinifera, but these studies were limited to just a few cultivars [4]
We reported phytochemical profiles of 24 V. vinifera cultivars and studied the relationships among total phenolics, total flavonoids, total antioxidant activities, cellular antioxidant activities, and antiproliferative activities in these cultivars. These 24 V. vinifera cultivars were a part of the core collection of V. vinifera germplasm preserved at the USDA-ARS Vitis clonal repository in Davis, California and they were selected for this study on the basis of their compositions and contents of polyphenolic compounds reported in a previous study [2]

Summary

Introduction

As an important part of diet, are beneficial for human health.The Dietary Guidelines for Americans provide three reasons to eat more fruits and vegetables [1]. Consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced risk of many chronic diseases. Moderate evidence indicates that intake of at least 2.5 cups of vegetables and fruits perday is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke. Very few Americans consume diets that meet Dietary Guideline recommendations of fruits and vegetables. For improving public health and reducing the risk of developing chronic diseases, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that most people should eat at least 9 servings of fruits and vegetables per day based on a 2000 kcal diet [1]

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