Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean milk proteins with cysteine protease papain was performed in an advanced bioreactor, operated with batch mode. In soybean milk protein hydrolysis reaction, enzyme and substrate ratio and reaction temperature were varied, ranging from 0.029:100–0.457:100 and 30–60 °C, respectively. The degree of hydrolysis of soybean milk proteins was increased with increase of enzyme and substrate (soybean milk protein) ratio. However, the degree of hydrolysis was increased due to change of reaction temperature from 30 °C to 60 °C with enzyme and substrate ratio 0.229:100 and was reduced when hydrolysis reaction was performed with enzyme and substrate ratio 0.11:100 at hydrolysis temperature 60 °C. Antioxidant capacity of enzyme-treated milk had a similar trend with degree of hydrolysis. In a later exercise, a membrane bioreactor was adopted for continuous production of antioxidant and antibacterial peptides from soybean milk. The membrane bioreactor was operated for 12 h with constant feeding. Ceramic-made tubular membrane with a pore size 20 nm was used. Application of static turbulence promoter in a membrane separation process was investigated and its positive effects, with respect to higher permeate flux and lower energy consumption in filtration process, were proven. Antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus of enzyme-hydrolyzed milk and permeate from membrane were confirmed.
Highlights
Soybean (Glycine max) has long been recognized as a source of high-quality protein and is considered the largest edible protein source around the world [1]
2020, 7, 5 native soybean milk was used in membrane bioreactor, operated with continuous mode for production of antioxidant and antibacterial peptides
Antioxidant and antibacterial peptides were produced from soybean milk by a membrane bioreactor
Summary
Soybean (Glycine max) has long been recognized as a source of high-quality protein and is considered the largest edible protein source around the world [1]. Biotransformation of soybean proteins through enzymatic route in a bioreactor, operated with batch mode [7,9,10,12,13,14,17,18,19], and subsequent purification with single or a cascade of membrane filtration [8,9,15,16,21] and chromatographic processes [14,21] have been considered. Considerable drawbacks for the mentioned technologies might be (a) high space time due to sequential enzymatic reaction and purification steps, (b) overall high process footprint with lower throughput, (c) high cost of enzyme and less chance to reuse enzyme due to its inactivation, and (d) isolation of specific bioactive peptide from neighborhood molecules
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