Antioxidant and Anti‐inflammatory Activities of Methanolic Fraction from Native Mexican Avocado Seed Oil

Abstract

Avocado fruit oil (Persea americana), mainly cultivar Hass, has excellent medicinal properties as antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities. However, these properties have not been evaluated in the seed oil of the native Mexican avocado (P. americana var. drymifolia). This study investigated the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity of native Mexican avocado seed oil and the methanolic fraction. Seed oil was obtained with hexane by the Soxhlet method, which was extracted liquid‐liquid to obtain the methanolic fraction. In vitro antioxidant was examined with three radical scavenging methods (ABTS, DPPH and TAC) at 1 mg/mL, and IC50 was determined. Although the oil seed presented high percentage of antioxidant activity in a range of 90.5 to 91.38% with in vitro methods, the highest antioxidant activity was shown by methanolic fraction (99.7%) with ABTS method, presenting an IC50 of 0.035 mg/mL. Anti‐inflammatory activity of oil seed and methanolic fraction (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg of body weight) was estimated by measuring the paw edemathickness by carrageenan‐induced paw edema model in male Wistar albino rats (400 g), and compared to Ibuprofen (25 mg/kg of body weight), with topical and oral administration (50 μL) dissolved in DMSO 5%. Control animals received an equal volume of vehicle. Edema was induced with 1% carrageenan to all the groups after four hour of treatments, and paw thickness was checked at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 h. With topical administration of 10 mg/kg, the highest anti‐inflammatory effect was observed at 8 h, decreasing by 70.8% and 72.28% in paw thickness with oil seed and methanolic fraction, respectively. This anti‐inflammatory activity was 1.8 times more than Ibuprofen effect. At 8 h, the anti‐inflammatory activity with oral administration of 10 mg/kg of oil seed and methanolic fraction (by 28 days), was similar than with topical administration of oil seed (68.6%) and less than that methanolic fraction (46.69%), although these values were higher than Ibuprofen (39.61%). It shows a direct relationship between antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of methanolic fraction from native Mexican avocado seed oil.Support or Funding InformationFunding from CIC‐UMSNH (2.10 to RSG).