Abstract
Crataegus pinnatifida is used to treat various diseases, including indigestion, congestive heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial dysfunction. We evaluated antioxidant and anti-α-glucosidase activities of various solvent extracts and major bioactive components from the fruit of C. pinnatifida. Ethyl acetate extracts showed potent antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 23.26 ± 1.97 and 50.73 ± 8.03 μg/mL, respectively, in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Acetone extract exhibited significant anti-α-glucosidase activity with IC50 values of 42.35 ± 2.48 μg/mL. HPLC analysis was used to examine and compare the content of active components in various solvent extracts. We isolated four active compounds and evaluated their antioxidant and anti-α-glucosidase properties. Among the isolated compounds, chlorogenic acid and hyperoside showed potential antioxidant activities in ABTS and superoxide radical scavenging assays. Moreover, hyperoside also displayed stronger anti-α-glucosidase activity than other isolates. The molecular docking model and the hydrophilic interactive mode of anti-α-glucosidase assay revealed that hyperoside might have a higher antagonistic effect than positive control acarbose. The present study suggests that C. pinnatifida and its active extracts and components are worth further investigation and might be expectantly developed as the candidates for the treatment or prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases and hyperglycemia.
Highlights
Free radicals are generated from normal biochemical reactions in the body and increase oxidative stress and probably damage biological molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA [1]
These results suggested that solvents with higher relative polarity are suitable for the extraction of phenolic compounds from C. pinnatifida
Various solvent extracts of C. pinnatifida and its isolated compounds were investigated with different antioxidant systems and anti-α-glucosidase activity assay
Summary
Free radicals are generated from normal biochemical reactions in the body and increase oxidative stress and probably damage biological molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA [1]. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 320 oxidative stress of free radicals, many synthetic antioxidants were used in industries to delay or inhibit cellular damage mainly through their free radical scavenging property [3]. Phenolic compounds are free radical scavengers (FRS) that delay or repress the initiation step or hinder the propagation step of lipid oxidation [5]. The antioxidant mechanism of phenolic compounds is that the aromatic ring donates H+ to the free radicals during oxidation and become a radical themselves. These radical intermediates are stabilized by the resonance delocalization of the electron within the aromatic ring [6]. For the excellent antioxidant capacity of phenolic compounds, they are regarded as natural antioxidants
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