Abstract
Genus Artemisia are desert plants spread in the Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia herba alba and Artemisia judaica grown in the arid zones in the Northern regions of Saudi Arabia and North Sinai, in Egypt were subjected to the primary phytochemical analysis which, showed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins and sterols. The GC-MS analysis of the methanolic extract exhibited numerous compounds, 11 compounds were identified as phenolic compounds, ferulic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid and derivatives of cinnamic acid (ethyl cinnamate). The highest phenolics content in A.herba alba grown in Saudi Arabia was observed for methyl cinnamate, (8.2 %) and the lowest methyl ferulate (0.02 %) for A. judica grown in Egypt. The quantization analysis of GC-MS revealed high amount of phenolic acid in the plant grow in Saudi Arabia than the plant collected from Egypt. The radical scavenging activities of two plant were studied by 1,1-diphenyl -2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH), EC (50) values were determined for A.herba alba and A.judaica (0.122, and 0.56 mg/ml) growing in Saudi Arabia and A.herba alba and A. judaica (1.7 and 0. 67 mg/ml ) growing in Egypt. Total alkaloid content was analysed and some alkaloid compounds was identified by GC-MS, viz. dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate, pseudosolasodine diacetate and morphinan4,5epoxy3,6-diol. Certain compounds were rich in Saudi plant but not detected in plants grown in Egypt, which reflect the role of environment adaptation of plant by accumulation of only certain compounds.
Highlights
The morphology and physiology of plant are strongly affected by drought and environmental condition, which cause a large reduction in agricultural production
2.1 Plant Material Fresh aerial parts of two plants from genus Artemisia, namely Artemisia herba alba and Artemisia judaica were collected from the arid zone at Arish-North Sinai, Egypt, and Tabouk region, Saudi Arabia, during the spring seasons, 2016
The reduce 50% of the diphenyl -2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical (IC50) was measured and the results showed that Artemisia herba alba grown in Saudi Arabia present higher antioxidant capacity with an IC50 of 0.122±0.001 mg/mL, followed by Artemisia judica grown Saudi with an IC50 of (0.56±0.04 mg/ mL) the antioxidant capacity of ascorbic acid and quercetin were 0.091±0.001g/L and 0.026 ±0.002 g/L respectively (Table 3)
Summary
The morphology and physiology of plant are strongly affected by drought and environmental condition, which cause a large reduction in agricultural production. The endemic plants are more adaptable to environmental conditions than agronomic commercial crops.[1]. 2010, Report oxidative stress is a metabolic status, which increases reactive oxygen. Cell injury results in cell viability compromise through apoptosis or necrosis.[2]
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