Antioxidant Activity of Hydro-Ethanolic Extract of Blighia sapida Stem Bark in the Pancreas of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Philip O Amira ,Adebayo S Daramola ,Waheed A Oyelade

doi:10.7176/jbah/9-16-03

Abstract

Blighia sapida is a plant belonging to the family of sapindaceae. In this study we aimed at investigating the possible antioxidant activities of hydro-ethanolic extract of Blighia sapida stem bark in the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Administration of the extract at 100mg/kg body weight significantly (P<0.05) increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the pancreas of diabetic rats. Also the concentration of reduced glutathione increased in the pancreatic tissues of the diabetic rats while the levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl generally decreased in the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats during the course of the experiment. These are indications of antioxidant properties of the stem bark of Blighia sapida with 100mg/kg body weight of the hydro-ethanolic extract showing good antioxidant activities by comparing favourably well with metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug. Keywords : Blighia sapida , diabetes mellitus, antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes DOI : 10.7176/JBAH/9-16-03 Publication date : August 31 st 2019

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease caused by a defect in insulin production, insulin action or both
3.0 Results 3.1 Catalase activity: Specific activity of catalase was found to increase (P
3.3 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity: Fig 3 shows that the specific activity of superoxide dismutase in the pancreas of the diabetic rats significantly increased (P < 0.05) during the course of the experiment

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease caused by a defect in insulin production, insulin action or both. Type 1 diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing β – cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes, the most common form of diabetes, is caused by a combination of factors, including insulin resistance, a condition in which the body’s muscle, fat and liver cells do not use insulin effectively. Nigeria probably accounts for a quarter of all diabetes mellitus cases in Africa by deduction. Almost all the cases of diabetes mellitus in Nigeria are caused by the inability of the human body to properly metabolize glucose either due to insufficient endogenous supply of insulin or body’s insulin resistance

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