Abstract
Oxidative stress, which can cause imbalance in the body by damaging cells and tissues, arises from the immoderate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Therefore, external supplements having antioxidant activity are required for reducing oxidative stress. In our study, we investigated DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability, and the inhibition effect on the nitric oxide (NO) production of 15 food-derived bacterial strains in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Among these LAB strains, eight strains with an excellent inhibition effect on NO production were selected through comparisons within the same genera. Moreover, the selected strains, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides MG860, Leu. citreum MG210, Pediococcus acidilactici MG5001, P. pentosaceus MG5078, Weissella cibaria MG5090, Levilactobacillus brevis MG5306, Latilactobacillus curvatus MG5020, and Latilactobacillus sakei MG5048 diminished the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. In addition, the stability and adhesion ability of the eight LAB strains in the gastrointestinal tract were determined. In conclusion, the selected strains have potential as new probiotics with antioxidant effects.
Highlights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are usually generated during normal metabolic processes and are unavoidable products for aerobic organisms [1]
We evaluated DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to identify various LAB strains with antioxidant ability
We investigated the gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/COX-2, which affects NO production, in LPSactivated RAW264.7 treated with LAB
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are usually generated during normal metabolic processes and are unavoidable products for aerobic organisms [1]. The excessive production of ROS/RNS causes oxidative stress, which leads to protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage [3,4]. Bacterial endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are known to promote ROS production in macrophages as well as the production of nitric oxide (NO), a type of RNS, via the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [5]. RNS is known to induce iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a pro-inflammatory transcription factor [9,10]. It is necessary to maintain homeostasis by regulating oxidative stress through ROS/RNS-related enzymes and transcription factors [2,11]
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