Abstract
BackgroundExtracts from plants, rich in antioxidants may be used as active ingredients of many preparations, mainly due to their antioxidant, regenerative and anti-aging properties. The work involved a comprehensive evaluation of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) leaf and tuber extract as a multifunctional raw material.MethodsThe plant extracts were prepared by using ultrasound-assisted extraction method (UAE).The content of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds of extracts were determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, respectively. Antioxidant activity of extract was analyzed using DPPH free radical scavenging assay and the effect of the investigated extracts on the proliferation of keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (BJ) was measured. To detect of intracellular reactive oxygen species level in tested cells, the fluorogenic dye H2DCFDA was used. In the next step, the ability of obtained extracts to regulate the expression of genes (SOD-1, Nox-4) involved in oxidative stress in cells was evaluated.ResultsAs a result of the conducted research, it was shown that leaf extract exhibit a higher content of phenols and flavonoids comparing to tuber extracts (5.07 and 7.14 fold higher, respectively). The opposite trend was observed after proliferation assay with Neutral Red test. It was shown that tuber extract in all applied concentrations (25–500 μg·ml− 1) had a positive effect on fibroblast growth. The leaf extract showed proliferative activity only for the smallest tested concentrations (25–100 μg·ml− 1). Similar trends were observed for HaCaT cells. The distinct effect of leaves and tuber extract on the generation of ROS was observed in HaCaT cells. In the present study, it was shown that tuber and leaf extracts may increase the expression of the ROS SOD-1 inactivating enzyme gene in the fibroblast cell line. There were no significant differences in gene expression of the ROS Nox-4 producing enzyme. In the case of keratinocytes, the opposite effect was observed.ConclusionsThe study suggest that Jerusalem artichoke leaves and tubers extracts affect the cell proliferation and can alter the expression of genes related to oxidative stress.
Highlights
Extracts from plants, rich in antioxidants may be used as active ingredients of many preparations, mainly due to their antioxidant, regenerative and anti-aging properties
Well-functioning cells have the ability to defend against the destructive effects of free radicals by the endogenous systems which consist of various enzymes such as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxide (GPX)
The possibility of Helianthus tuberosus L. tuber and leaves extract do reduce free radicals was evaluated by DPPH scavenging assay, where reaction is based on changing colour of free radical solution following to incubation with analysed substances
Summary
Extracts from plants, rich in antioxidants may be used as active ingredients of many preparations, mainly due to their antioxidant, regenerative and anti-aging properties. It is commonly known that oxidative stress caused by free radicals and their derivatives is responsible for disturbing redox homeostasis [1] It is one of the primary factors involved in the development of chronic disorders, aging, cancer, degenerative neuronal damage, diabetes mellitus and coronary heart ailment [2, 3]. Nizioł-Łukaszewska et al Lipids in Health and Disease (2018) 17:280 fluidity, intracellular enzyme and ion channels activity [5] These radicals can may cause DNA damage, leading to mutagenic changes and cell death [6]. Plant compounds with antioxidant properties can be helpful in the therapy of diseases caused by the action of free radicals [7, 8] They can enhance the antioxidant system, reverse oxidative damage and protect against oxidative stress induced deterioration. Numerous studies had indicated a correlation between the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in plants and the antioxidant activity of plant extracts [9, 10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
