Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. In this study, the antioxidant activity and simultaneous HPLC profiling of polyphenolic compounds in 80% ethanol and water extracts of M. oleifera tender and mature leaves available in Bangladesh were investigated. The 80% ethanol extract of M. oleifera tender leaves contained high concentration and more amount of 3,4- dihydroxybenzoic acid, (-) epicatechin and rosmarinic acid (201.32±1.94, 213.08±1.96 and 133.84±1.42 mg/100 g of dry extract, respectively) than that of mature leaves (82.55±1.09, 141.86±1.10 and 16.23±0.76 mg/100 g of dry extract, respectively). On the other hand, the water extract of M. oleifera tender leaves contained a high concentration of catechin hydrate, trans-ferulic acid and quercetin (530.05±1.91, 166.38±0.90 and 771.74±1.34 mg/100 g of dry extract, respectively) than that of mature leaves (207.21±0.90, 62.42±0.45 and 483.25±1.04 mg/100 g of dry extract, respectively). It was also found that 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, catechol, p-coumaric acid and trans-cinnamic acid were detected only in 80% ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves but syringic acid was identified in the water extract. In DPPH free radical scavenging activity test, IC50 values of 80% ethanol extract of tender leaves (EETL), 80% ethanol extract of mature leaves (EEML), water extract of tender leaves (WETL) and water extract of mature leaves (WEML) were found to be moderately significant (105.50±1.05, 115.00±1.14, 216.00±1.34 and 269.50±1.56 μg/mL, respectively) when compared to the IC50 value of ascorbic acid, 3.32±0.07 μg/mL. The polyphenolic compounds are responsible for antioxidant activity. On the basis of the present study, it can be suggested that the leaves show antioxidant activity and it’s contained a significant amount and different types of polyphenolic compounds. Standardized polyphenolic compounds from M. oleifera leaves could be used as a better source of natural antioxidant supplement.
Highlights
Moringa oleifera Lam, is a tree of a monogeneric family, native to the sub-Himalayan tracts of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan
DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extract of tender leaves (EETL), ethanol extract of mature leaves (EEML), water extract of tender leaves (WETL) and water extract of mature leaves (WEML) were found to be increased with the increase of concentration of the extract (Table 1)
IC50 values of 80% ethanol extract are lower than water extract may be due to the presence of more number of polyphenolic compounds
Summary
Moringa oleifera Lam, is a tree of a monogeneric family, native to the sub-Himalayan tracts of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. It's being grown in different countries of the world like as West, East and South Africa, Tropical Asia, Latin America, The Caribbean, Florida and The Pacific Islands (Fahey, 2005). It is considered one of the world’s most useful trees because almost every part of the tree has some nutritional, medicinal and other beneficial properties (Luqman et al, 2012). Moringa tree was used in the folk medicine where the infusions, decoctions and concoctions of various parts of this plant are used in the treatment of several ailments such as cardiac and circulatory stimulants; possesses antitumor, antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, Ahmed et al / Food Research 5 (1) (2021) 401 - 408 antiulcer, antispasmodic, diuretic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, and antifungal activities (Anwar et al, 2007)
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