Abstract
BackgroundAntidiabetic activity of Derris reticulata extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rats has been reported. The extract was found to lower blood glucose and inhibit intestinal glucose absorption. The aim of this study was to further investigate mechanisms underlying the antihyperglycemic activity of D. reticulata extract in vitro.MethodsThe aqueous extract was obtained from D. reticulata stem. Phytochemical screening, total phenolic, and flavanoid contents were examined. ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays, and FRAP method were used to determine in vitro antioxidant activities. Measurement of cell viability on alloxan-induced cellular damage was performed in the insulin-secreting RINm5F cells by MTT assay. The effects of the extract on α-glucosidase activity and insulin release were studied. In addition, sub-chronic toxicity test in rats was also conducted.ResultsThe results revealed that the extract, which consisted of terpenoids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids, possessed moderate radical scavenging activities. Pre-treatment of RINm5F cells with the extract was also found to exert moderate, but significant, in vitro protection against alloxan, an oxidative stress producing agent. Unlike glibenclamide, the extract did not stimulate insulin secretion. However, the extract was found to inhibit α-glucosidase activity similar to acarbose. It was found that in sub-chronic toxicity studies D. reticulata extract did not cause mortality or produce any remarkable haematological, biochemical and histopathological adverse effects in rats.ConclusionsThe data suggest that the possible mechanisms underlying antihyperglycemic activity of D. reticulata extract are cytoprotective effect on pancreatic cells, presumably by its antioxidant activity, and inhibition of α-glucosidase. Sub-chronic toxicity study also provides scientific evidence to corroborate the safety of this plant as an alternative antidiabetic agent.
Highlights
Antidiabetic activity of Derris reticulata extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rats has been reported
Phytochemical compositions, phenolic content and total flavonoid content The extract of D. reticulata stem obtained from this study contained terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins but not anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides
Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content found in D. reticulata extract were 78.84 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract and 54.72 ± 1.81 mg catechin/g extract, respectively
Summary
Antidiabetic activity of Derris reticulata extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rats has been reported. The aim of this study was to further investigate mechanisms underlying the antihyperglycemic activity of D. reticulata extract in vitro. Plants from diverse families have been shown to possess potent hypoglycemic activities [3]. The efficacy of the aqueous extract of Derris reticulata stems, a local plant used by some rural Thais to treat diabetes, has been demonstrated in Kumkrai et al BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2015) 15:35 alloxan-induced diabetic rats [6]. We further investigated antioxidant activity of D. reticulata extract to support its cytoprotective potential. Sub-chronic toxicity test was conducted to establish the safety of the extract in rats
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