Abstract
Context: Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Adiantaceae) hypocholesterolemic activity is therapeutically praised.Objectives: Pharmacological modulation of pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL) and α-amylase/α-glucosidase by A. capillus-veneris are evaluated.Materials and methods: Using positive controls (acarbose, orlistat, guar gum, atorvastatin, glipizide and metformin) as appropriate, crude aqueous extracts (AEs) of A. capillus-veneris aerial parts were tested via a combination of in vitro enzymatic (0.24–100 mg/mL), acute in vivo carbohydrate tolerance tests (125, 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight [b.wt]) and chronic in vivo studies (500 mg/kg b.wt) in high cholesterol diet (HCD) fed Wistar rats.Results: Like acarbose, A. capillus-veneris as well as chlorogenic acid, with respective IC50 values (mg/mL) of 0.8 ± 0.0 and 0.2 ± 0.0, were identified as in vitro potent dual inhibitors of α-amylase/α-glucosidase. Unlike guar gum, A. capillus-veneris had no glucose diffusion hindrance capacity. Equivalent to orlistat, A. capillus-veneris and its phytoconstituents inhibited PL in vitro with an ascending order of PL- IC50 values (μg/mL): ferulic acid; 0.48 ± 0.06 < ellagic acid; 13.53 ± 1.83 < chlorogenic acid; 38.4 ± 2.8 < A. capillus-veneris; 1600 ± 100. Incomparable to acarbose or metformin and glipizide, A. capillus-veneris (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt) lacked antihyperglycaemic efficacies in acute starch- or glucose-evoked postprandial hyperglycaemia increments in normoglycaemic overnight fasting rats. Superior to atorvastatin; A. capillus-veneris exerted significant antiobesity (p < 0.001) with marked triacylglycerol-reducing capacities (p < 0.001) in comparison to rats fed with HCD for 10 weeks.Discussion and conclusion: A. capillus-veneris, modulating pancreatic digestive enzymes, may be advocated as a combinatorial diabesity prevention/phytotherapy agent.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes and obesity, referred to as diabesity, comprise global health threats (Tschop & DiMarchi 2012) with rising prevalence rates of cardiovascular diseases, especially in people with metabolic syndrome and diabetes (Xanthakis et al 2015)
Additional comprehensive reviews of native ethnomedicinal plants with antidiabetic therapeutic values were detailed by Afifi and Kasabri (2013)
Given the comprehensive hypocholesterolemic propensities and HPLC-MS-based phytochemical characterization of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Adiantaceae) (Al-Hallaq et al 2015), this study investigates the inhibitory effects of crude aqueous extracts (AEs) of A. capillus-veneris on these extrapancreatic digestive enzymes in vitro
Summary
Type 2 diabetes and obesity, referred to as diabesity, comprise global health threats (Tschop & DiMarchi 2012) with rising prevalence rates of cardiovascular diseases, especially in people with metabolic syndrome and diabetes (Xanthakis et al 2015). Diverse studies were conducted to explore medicinal plants as potential therapeutic agents for dual management of diabetes and hyperlipidemia via digestive enzyme inhibition, namely pancreatic a-amylase, intestinal a-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase (PL) (Li et al 2009a, 2011; Etoundi et al 2010; Adisakwattana & Chanathong 2011; Rani et al 2012; Sun et al 2012). (Adiantaceae) (Al-Hallaq et al 2015), this study investigates the inhibitory effects of crude aqueous extracts (AEs) of A. capillus-veneris on these extrapancreatic digestive enzymes in vitro. More detailed investigations to elucidate the dual anti-diabetic antiobesity pharmacotherapeutic effects of A. capillus-veneris on cell-free in vitro systems of carbohydrate and lipid enzymatic digestion and absorption were undertaken. Acute as well chronic in vivo effects in high fat fed rats were investigated
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