Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Passiflora edulis leaves extract in acetic acid-induced pain and carrageenan-induced paw oedema in vivo

Abstract

Background: In Indonesia, people commonly treat pain and inflammation with herbs. Passiflora edulis leaves extract (PLE) is known to contain many chemical compounds that are useful as analgesic and anti-inflammatory treatments. However, there is very limited scientific literature that reports the results of P. edulis in reducing pain and inflammation. Objective: This research aims to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of PLE. Method: PLE was extracted by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE). The PLE at doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg/200g BW (PLE-20, PLE-40, and PLE-80) and diclofenac sodium (Dic. sod. at a dose of 2.7 mg/200g BW as a positive control group was tested for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in experimental animal models (n=5). The effect of antinociceptive was evaluated by the wriggling in mice by acetic acid-induced, and the effect of acute anti-inflammatory was evaluated by carrageenan-induced in rats. Result: PLE at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/200g BW showed a significant antinociceptive effect at acetic acid-induced wriggling and inhibition of the oedema. Higher doses lead to more pronounced effects. The greater effect of antinociceptive was observed at PLE-80 (64.55%), and inhibition of the oedema was observed at PLE-80 (34.33%). Conclusion: PLE significantly reduced pain and acute inflammation in the animal-tested models.