Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils (EOs) of Citrus sinensis (C. sinensis) and Citrus latifolia (C. latifolia) against five Candida species: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida lusitaniae and Candida guilliermondii; and perform its genotoxic evaluation. The EOs of C. sinensis and C. latifolia were obtained from the peel by hydro-distillation. The major components determined by GC-MS were in C. sinensis, d-limonene (96%) and α-myrcene (2.79%); and in C. latifolia, d-limonene (51.64%), β-thujene (14.85%), β-pinene (12.79%) and γ-terpinene (12.8%). Antifungal properties were studied by agar diffusion method, where C. sinensis presented low activity and C. latifolia essential oil was effective to inhibit growing of C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii with IC50 of 6.90 and 2.92 μg respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for C. sinensis were in a range of 0.42–3.71 μg and for C. latifolia of 0.22–1.30 μg. Genotoxic evaluation was done by Ames test where none of the oils induced point mutations. Flow cytometry was used to measure toxicity in human oral epithelial cells, C. sinensis was not cytotoxic and C. latifolia was toxic at 21.8 μg. These properties might bestow different odontological applications to each essential oil.
Highlights
Oral candidiasis (OC) is a mucosal illness caused by infection of Candida species, mainly by Candida albicans (C. albicans)[1]
The aim of this study was to evaluate essential oils (EOs) from C. sinensis and C. latifolia as antimycotic on Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii, and Candida lusitaniae isolated from elderly patients assisting a geriatric clinic of a third-level National Hospital (Hospital Juarez de México)
Results of EOs antimycotic activity against Candida species are presented on Fig. 2 through 6
Summary
Oral candidiasis (OC) is a mucosal illness caused by infection of Candida species, mainly by Candida albicans (C. albicans)[1]. These infections have been described as a secondary complication in several diseases and it frequently sprouts in immunosuppressed patients that underwent high exposition to antibiotics and corticosteroids. OC is common on pediatric and elderly patients[2,3,4]
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