Abstract
Abstract In the present study, the antimutagenic activity of methanolic (MP) and hexanic (HP) phase from hexane-soluble extract of Paraoctopus vulgaris was evaluated. The HP showed significant concentration-dependent antimutagenic activity (p < 0.05) in the Ames assay against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 tester strains. Seven fractions (F1-F7) were obtained from HP by silica gel-column chromatography and the antimutagenic activity of F6 and F7 caused significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the number of AFB1-induced revertants in both strains. However, high antimutagenic activity was exhibited in TA98 strain (85-97% reversion inhibition) and remained at a fraction-concentration of 3 μg/mL. F6 and F7 composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array, both fractions shared one peak at 9.42 min suggesting presence of the same compound. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analysis results indicate that the bioactive compound is bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Based on of these results bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exhibit antimutagenic activity, which allows to consider it for further investigation as a potential chemopreventive compound.
Highlights
The morbidity and mortality due to cancer incidence has increased in the last years
The HP, at 5000 μg/mL, exhibited the highest antimutagenic effect for TA98 and TA100 strains tested in the presence of S9
The reduction of the mutagenicity induced by 500 ng of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in TA100 strain, at the presence of 500 μg/mL of MP, was statistically different (p < 0.05) from that observed when same concentration of HP was used
Summary
The morbidity and mortality due to cancer incidence has increased in the last years. Projections to year 2030 suggest that the global cancer burden is expected to increase up to 21.4 million of new cancer cases and 13.2 million cancer deaths (Ferlay et al, 2013). A number of natural agents present in foods such as, flavonoids, carotenoids, isothiocyanates, terpenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids, have been evaluated for their anticancer effect in early stages of carcinogenesis (Vidak et al, 2015; Lawson et al, 2015; Li et al, 2016; López-Saiz et al, 2014; Rovito et al, 2013). The oceanic environment has been recognized as a wide source of natural bioactive compounds with pharmacological potential and possible future applications (Montaser & Luesch, 2011)
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