Abstract
Escherichia coli is the leading cause of urinary tract, ear, wound and other infections in humans. Increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli is a growing concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli from clinical samples. A retrospective review of culture results of urine, ear discharge, pus swab from wounds, and eye discharge was done. A total of 3,149 samples were analyzed for isolation and identification of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. E. coli was isolated from 446 (14.2%) samples. The highest isolation rate was obtained from urine samples 203 (45.5%). High resistance rates to erythromycin (89.4%), amoxicillin (86.0%) and tetracycline (72.6%) were documented. However, significantly high degree of sensitivity rates to nitrofurantoin (96.4%), norflaxocin (90.6%), gentamicin (79.6%) and ciprofloxacin were recorded (p<0.001). Multiple antimicrobial resistances of 74.6% and increased resistance rates to all antimicrobials except ciprofloxacin were also recorded. E. coli isolates showed high rates of resistance to erythromycin, amoxicillin and tetracycline. Nitrofurantoin, norflaxocin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin are considered appropriate for empirical treatment of E. coli in the study area. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility is recommended.
Highlights
Escherichia coli is a common inhabitant of the human and animal gut, but can be found in water, soil and vegetation
In Ethiopia, a number of studies have been done on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli from various clinical sources[5, 12, 13]
Between 2003 and 2010, a total of 3149 samples were analyzed for isolation and identification of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Summary
Escherichia coli is a common inhabitant of the human and animal gut, but can be found in water, soil and vegetation It is the leading pathogen causing urinary tract infections[1,2,3] and is among the most common pathogens causing blood stream infections[4], wounds, otitis media and other complications in humans[5, 6]. In Ethiopia, a number of studies have been done on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli from various clinical sources[5, 12, 13]. Increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli is a growing concern worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli from clinical samples. Conclusion: E. coli isolates showed high rates of resistance to erythromycin, amoxicillin and tetracycline.
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