Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are considered the most common bacterial cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in the world. The family Campylobacteraceae includes the genus Arcobacter with the three species Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii as emergent enteropathogens and potential zoonotic agents. Here, we characterized genome sequences of Arcobacter that were isolated from water poultry on farms in Germany. Isolates were cultured, identified by MALDI-TOF MS and identification was verified with PCR assays. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates was carried out with erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, tetracycline, gentamicin, and streptomycin using the gradient strip method (E-test). We also sequenced whole genomes and predicted antibiotic resistance determinants, virulence factors, performed a phylogenetic analysis to determine the genetic relatedness of these isolates and searched for plasmids.
Highlights
Campylobacter spp. are considered to be the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the world (WHO, 2018)
Reference spectra were generated for A. skirrowii wild type isolates
Taxonomic analysis of the whole genome sequencing (WGS) data with MetaPhlAn and Kraken resulted mostly in “unclassified Arcobacter” for A. skirrowii isolates, whereas A. butzleri could be assigned to the correct species
Summary
Campylobacter spp. are considered to be the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the world (WHO, 2018). Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii, are considered potential zoonotic agents (Prouzet-Mauleon et al, 2006; Levican et al, 2013; Van den Abeele et al, 2014, 2016). Arcobacter spp. are present in the digestive tract of healthy animals (Ünver et al, 2013), but are associated with enteritis and reproductive disorders in animals (De Smet et al, 2012). Arcobacter can be transmitted to humans by contaminated food (e.g., poultry products) and water (Collado and Figueras, 2011; Hänel et al, 2016). Isolation of A. skirrowii is often difficult due to its special growth requirements and data on the antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria are scarce (Yesilmen et al, 2014). Few representative genomes (for example NCBI, BioProject: PRJNA307998, BioSample: SAMN04386098) have been described
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