Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) represent a worldwide health problem. Microbial resistance, due to selective antibiotic pressure, has a direct influence on the evolution and impact of these infections. The objective of this work was to identify the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of uropathogens isolated in uroculture samples from a private laboratory in the city of Macapá/AP. It is a quantitative, retrospective and cross-sectional study, using a laboratory database. Data were collected from results of urocultures with antibiogram analyzed from January to December 2019. The present study evaluated 3,510 urocultures, carried out during the study period, of which 1,269 had bacterial growth, equivalent to 36.15%. Among the positive results, we found the bacteria Escherichia coli (66.59%), Staphylococcus aureus (32.62%), mixed colonies of E. coli and S. aureus (0.47%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (0.24%) and Serratia marcescens (0.08%). The male gender was responsible for 16.35% (n = 574) of the urocultures analyzed, while the female population was 83.65% (n = 2936). When analyzing the distribution of bacteria isolated by gender, males were considered a protective factor with 42% less chance of presenting bacteria in urine. The bacteria E. coli was the predominant pathogen in these infections in both sexes and in all age groups.
Highlights
Urinary tract infection (UTI) means the inflammatory response in the urinary tract, determined by a microbial agent with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic bacteriuria to septic shock
When analyzing the distribution of bacteria isolated by gender, males were considered a protective factor with 42% less chances of presenting bacteria in urine (Odds Ratio = 0.58[IC 0,480-0,716] p
The etiology and profile of bacterial resistance in urocultures of patients treated in a community according to age and gender are important in the decision of empirical antimicrobial therapy
Summary
Urinary tract infection (UTI) means the inflammatory response in the urinary tract (urethra, bladder, kidney or prostate), determined by a microbial agent (bacteria and/or virus and/or fungus and/or parasite) with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic bacteriuria to septic shock. The type of UTI Can be classified through its anatomical location: high or low, symptomatic or asymptomatic, complicated or uncomplicated, recurrent or sporadic (JÚNOR et al; 2010). In the United States, they accounted for approximately 2% of consultations with emergency services in 2014, totaling 2.3 million people (WIJTING, 2019). In Brazil, ITUs are considered the most common of bacterial infections, responsible for 80 out of every 1,000 clinical consultations, and may have particularities between the sexes (OLIVEIRA; SANTOS, 2018). The most common etiological agent is Gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli being the most frequent. Other bacteria involved are Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Group B streptococcus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CUNHA et al, 2016)
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