Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar (S.) Derby and S. Typhimurium were commonly isolated from slaughter pigs and pork. Thus, the monitoring of the resistance profile exhibited by strains of both serovars should be regularly conducted. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial resistance pattern of strains isolated form pig carcasses and to investigate the genetic relatedness with isolates from intestinal content and lairage environment. Thirty-four S. Derby and seventeen S. Typhimurium strains isolated from carcasses (n=30), intestinal contents (n=16), and lairage environment (n=3) were tested. The antimicrobial resistance was determined by the agar disk diffusion test according to the document M31-A2 of the CLSI using twelve antimicrobials. Strains were also genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and the presence of class 1 integrons was investigated. The isolates were resistant to tetracycline (96%), sulfonamides (78.4%), streptomycin (76.5%), ampicilin (35.3%), gentamicin (29.4%), kanamycin (27.5%), nalidixic acid (23.5%), chloramphenicol (17.6%), and ceftazidime (1.9%). Only two isolates from intestinal content were susceptible at all antimicrobials. No resistance to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin was detected. Five resistance patterns were found among S. Derby isolates, and the most prevalent (TE-S-S3) was detected in 26 strains (76.5%). Among strains of S. Typhimurium, eight patterns were found, and the most prevalent (K-TE-CN-AMP) was detected in four (23.5%) isolates. All S. Derby strains with the TE-S-S3 pattern belonged to a common pulsotype (De1) and harbored Class 1 integrons. Resistant strains of S. Derby and S. Typhimurium isolated from carcasses presented resistance patterns in common with strains from intestinal content and lairage environment. Results indicate that resistant clonal groups originated from pig feces and lairage environment are able to contaminate pig carcasses and enter the pork processing chain.
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