Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a daunting public health threat impacting both human and animal health and it is a cause for concern wherever antimicrobial agents are in use. The usage of antimicrobial drugs in food producing animals could results in significant food safety issue - antimicrobial resistance among zoonotic bacteria in these animals. Resistance monitoring program still does not exist in Serbia, so we made a pilot program to screen the situation in our abattoirs. We found similar situation like the one in EU. The resistance to one or more antimicrobial drugs was found in 40.00% and 75.32% Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from poultry and pig carcasses, respectively. Fluoroquinolones are anitmicrobial drugs which, beside beta-lactams, are most often used in poultry breeding. Fluoroquinolones are also very important for treatment of some human diseases. We examined relationship between presence of fluoroquinolone resistant C. jejuni in poultry carcasses and fluoroquinolone treatment of poultry. Treatment with one of this antimicrobials - enrofloxacine selects resistant strains in chickens carcasses, C. jejuni strains resistant to enrofloxacine were isolated from all livers (100%) and 70% carcasses. The resistant bacteria may then be transmitted to humans through food supply and increase the risk of treatment failures. Resistant zoonotic pathogens in food have to be controlled through a complete, continuous farm-to-fork system.
Highlights
Most antimicrobials used for the treatment of animals belong to classes that are used in human medicine
The usage of antimicrobial drugs in food producing animals could results in antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic and commensal bacteria in these animals, and the resistant bacteria may be transmitted to humans through the food chain and increase risk of treatment failures
There is a temporal association between the introduction of fluoroquinolones for use in poultry and a substantial rise in the prevalence of quinolone-resistant C. jejuni isolated in live poultry, poultry meat and infected humans
Summary
Most antimicrobials used for the treatment of animals belong to classes that are used in human medicine (cloxacillin, gentamicin, ampicillin, amoxicillin etc.). Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. and other bacteria is an increasing public health problem. Resistant Campylobacter involved in human disease are mostly spread through foods.
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