Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Humans, Animals, and Food Products in Russia in 1950-1980, 2000-2005, and 2018-2021.

Pavel A Andriyanov,Pavel A Zhurilov,Dagmara S Bataeva,Elena A Liskova,Ekaterina K Psareva,Denis V Kolbasov,Igor S Tartakovsky,Elena V Sokolova,Olga L Voronina,Elena V Zaiko,Tatyana I Karpova,Svetlana A Ermolaeva,Yulia K Yushina

doi:10.3390/antibiotics10101206

Abstract

Susceptibility of 117 L. monocytogenes strains isolated during three time periods (1950–1980; 2000–2005, and 2018–2021) to 23 antibiotics was tested by the disk diffusion method. All strains were sensitive to aminoglycosides (gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin), glycopeptides (vancomycin and teicoplanin), clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to clindamycin was observed in 35.5% of strains. Resistance to carbapenems, imipenem and meropenem was found in 4% and 5% of strains, respectively. Resistance to erythromycin, penicillin G, trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin was found in 4%, 3%, 3%, and 2.5% of strains, respectively. Resistance to tylosin, ampicillin, enrofloxacin, linezolid, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline was found in less than 2%. Three strains with multiple antibiotic resistance and 12 strains with resistance to two antibiotics were revealed. Comparison of strains isolated in different time periods showed that the percentage of resistant strains was the lowest among strains isolated before 1980, and no strains with multiple antibiotic resistance were found among them. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the temporal evolution of resistance in L. monocytogenes has an antibiotic-specific character. While resistance to some antibiotics such as ampicillin and penicillin G has gradually decreased in the population, resistance to other antibiotics acquired by particular strains in recent years has not been accompanied by changes in resistance of other strains.

Highlights

The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a serious sometimes fatal disease with such manifestations as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rhombencephalitis, and abortion [1]
The importance of L. monocytogenes as an animal pathogen decreased significantly in Russia after 1980 which might be partly due to wide introduction of antibiotics and partly due to changes in farming activities
We tested the susceptibility of 117 L. monocytogenes strains isolated in Russia to 23 antibiotics widely used in medical and veterinary practice

Summary

Introduction

The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a serious sometimes fatal disease with such manifestations as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rhombencephalitis, and abortion [1]. While incidence of listeriosis is relatively low, the fatality rates are quite high reaching 20–25% of patients [2,3,4]. The incidence of pregnancy-related listeriosis ranges from 4 to 25 per 100,000 births, and the mortality rates reach 30% or more. The importance of selecting the correct antibiotic with bactericidal action requires monitoring the spread of antibiotic resistance among L. monocytogenes strains occurring in a particular region. Being a foodborne pathogen of zoonotic origin, L. monocytogenes is included in the list of pathogens requiring compulsory annual monitoring for spreading antibiotic resistance among strains of a human, animal and food origin [9,10]

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