Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
The prevalence of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) resistance in commensal E. coli from pigs was tested in this study. E. coli was derived from three groups of piglets in successive stages of metaphylactic therapy and from two groups of sows 10 and 18 weeks after the treatment. MIC values of TMP and SMX were determined for a total of 352 strains. The presence of resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integron-associated dfrA gene cassettes was tested. Resistance to TMP was very high during the administration of the antimicrobial (from 97 to 100%) and amounted to 86% and 69% in the post-exposure period; MIC > 32 mg/L. The isolates from all groups of pigs were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, with MIC > 1028 mg/L. The dfrA1 and sul1 genes (as part of integrons) dominated in E. coli from piglets, but the dfrA12 and sul1 genes were prevalent in E. coli from sows. Coexistence of the different dfrA genes was detected in 71 isolates from all groups of swine. Transcription analysis revealed that most of these genes were not transcribed, particularly gene cassettes of class 1 integrons. The research revealed a high level of resistance associated with the metaphylactic treatment, persistence and circulation of resistance in bacterial populations. Diverse genetic background with multiple and not transcribed resistance genes was observed.
Highlights
The use of antimicrobials in the treatment of diseases of food-producing animals began in the mid-1940s
All the tested E. coli from Sows 1 and 92% of strains from Sows 2 were resistant to SMX (Table 1)
The presented research constitutes an assessment of the impact of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) administration in the metaphylactic program on the prevalence and diversity of TMP–SMX resistance in commensal E. coli from pigs during the production cycle
Summary
The use of antimicrobials in the treatment of diseases of food-producing animals began in the mid-1940s. In the early 1950s, antimicrobials were introduced to commercial feed for cattle, pigs and poultry [1]. The worldwide use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine is very high. According to the recent Food and Drug Administration report, in 2012 in the United States, sales and distribution of antimicrobials for use in food-producing animals was over thousand tons [2]. In European Union sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents is lower, it still occurs at a significant level [3]. The intensification of food production systems rules out tolerance of disease outbreaks; various antimicrobial drugs are administered for the prevention of diseases. Treatment is often applied in young piglets. The mortality of piglets is high in the most critical periods of growth, during the first weeks of life and immediately after weaning piglets from a sow
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
