Abstract
Objective: To determine the antimicrobial potentials of secondary metabolite of soil fungi and predict their 3D structure and molecular identity.
 Methods: Pure soil fungi were isolated from soil samples and cultured under submerged fermentation (Smf) for their metabolites using Potato Dextrose Agar and Broth. The secondary metabolites of the isolated fungi were obtained intracellularly after 21 d of incubation in a rotary shaker incubator. The antimicrobial potentials of the metabolites were investigated against four (4) clinical isolates, namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. These soil fungi were further characterized to the molecular level and their evolutionary relationships established using bioinformatics tools. Protein structure of each of the fungi isolates was predicted using PHYRE-2.
 Results: Out of all the soil fungi isolated, the metabolite of Aspergillus aculeatus showed the highest antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (23.00±2.34 mm), Escherichia coli (9.00±1.44 mm) and Klebsiella spp (24.00±3.45 mm). The 3D protein structure predicted showed that each of the organisms consists of different amino-acid compositions such as: serine, tyrosine, proline, arginine, glycine, phenylalanine leucine with other notable biological properties.
 Conclusion: The work revealed that secondary metabolites of the isolated fungi carry an important role in combating infectious agents thereby, providing roadmaps for the biosynthesis of many synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs and bio-products which are environmentally friendly.
Highlights
Kingdom Fungi is the second largest kingdom after insects [1]
Soil samples were collected at various locations in the Horticultural garden of LAUTECH and taken to Microbial Resources and Research Laboratory, Ogbomoso. This was serially diluted and inoculated onto a prepared Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plate containing antibacterial (Chloramphenicol) to inhibit bacteria growth on the plate with one plates serving as control
The Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) was prepared by dissolving 24g in 1liters of distilled water, it was mixed and dissolves by heating with frequent agitation, and it was boiled for some minutes until complete dissolution is obtained according to the manufacturer’s guidelines
Summary
Kingdom Fungi is the second largest kingdom after insects [1]. They are found all over the planet, even in the most hostile and uninhabitable places such as in Antarctic ice, mountain surfaces, rocks, seawater and habitable places like the tropics and temperate regions [2]. Fungi possesses arays of many chemical molecules with biochemical activities They produce several types of enzymes and secondary products of metabolism, which include antibiotics, vitamins, polysaccharides and organic acids [3]. Fungi have been found to be beneficial to man as producers of many different metabolites such as antibiotics, enzymes such as cellulase, lipase and ligninolytic enzymes) They are known for the production of alkaloids such as ergot alkaloids from Claviceps, pigments such as anthraquinone and betalains. Edible fungi can prevent or treat some diseases such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, hypertension, cancer and stroke [2, 5] Funi could perform these functions due to array of metabolites which they possess such as: esters, aldehydes, aromatic compounds, organi acids, etc [6]
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