Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a widely used polymer for dental applications, and it is mainly used in the fabrication of dental prostheses. In an increasing number of these applications, the risk of suffering bacterial or fungal infection is higher than 60% among oral-prosthesis users. Some authors have reported the failure of other implants in the human body due to biofilm formation on the surface (mainly for total hip implants). In the dental field, the formation of bacterial and fungal biofilms on prosthesis’s surface is the etiologic factor for stomatitis, mainly caused by Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis, as well as many others. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely reported, and their use in dental materials can prevent oral infections, such as candidiasis and stomatitis, and promote better oral health in dental-prosthesis users. They can even be used in other biomedical applications that require controlling biofilm formation on surfaces. In this review, the reported studies that use composites of PMMA and AgNPs (PMMA-AgNPs) for dental applications are listed and checked, with the aim of gaining a wider perspective of the use and application of this approach in the dental field.
Highlights
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a polymer used as a denture base acrylic resin in dentistry; due to its properties, it has been used in the biomedical field as a bone cement in implant surgery [1,2]
We present an overview of the reported studies that use PMMA-based materials that were modified with silver nanoparticles for dentures or bone cements
The use of silver nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent for surface modification to prevent bacterial and fungal adherence can serve as an interesting approach to prevent oral infections in patients
Summary
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a polymer used as a denture base acrylic resin in dentistry; due to its properties, it has been used in the biomedical field as a bone cement in implant surgery (mainly in total hip replacements) [1,2]. The evaluation of biological properties such as cytotoxicity, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, and antimicrobial effects provides essential information about the interaction between material and biological systems, which can be used for the development of new materials or new applications. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in the biomedical field as an antimicrobial agent to prevent infections or colonization of biomedical devices by pathogenic microorganisms [4]. AgNPs have been used to improve the mechanical properties of restorative materials and to promote colonization of dental prostheses’ surfaces. The antifungal effect has been proved and has attracted great interest from researchers seeking to develop materials that can inhibit the growth of microorganisms that cause oral infections [5]
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