Abstract
Hybrid biomaterials for prosthodontics based on commercial acrylic copolymers matrix modified with zinc oxide-based (ZnO and Ag:ZnO) or zinc oxide-based/chitosan composite (ZnO/Cs and Ag:ZnO/Cs) nanoparticles (NPs) have been prepared and investigated to improve their biocompatibility, thermal stability and antimicrobial activity. The effect of NPs on the structure, morphology, thermal behaviour and antibacterial activity of the obtained materials was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) spectroscopy, modulated thermogravimetry (mTGA) & derivative scanning calorimetry (mDSC) and inhibition zone (disc diffusion test), respectively. The hybrid materials modified with nanoparticles show compact arrangement of acrylic copolymer microspheres and good dispersion and adhesion of the nanoparticles onto the surface of copolymer microspheres. Best nanoparticles dispersion and smoother surface morphology were observed in the case of hybrid materials modified with composite NPs (ZnO/Cs and Ag:ZnO/Cs), in which chitosan molecules act as cross-linking agent between the oxide NPs and the acrylic matrix. The incorporation of composite nanoparticles in the hybrid materials increased T50% (temperature at 50% weight loss) in air with about 50 °C, indicating chemical interactions between the components. The samples modified with Ag:ZnO and Ag:ZnO/Cs NPs reveal good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli., the strongest activity being observed against E. coli for the hybrid material containing Ag:ZnO NPs.
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