Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the potential antibacterial effects of gatifloxacin on one of canine periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gulae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of gatifloxacin and its bactericidal effects were investigated. Gatifloxacin inhibited the growth of the canine periodontopathic bacteria tested in broth. An MIC of 50 nM was found to be effective in inhibiting P. gulae. On performing adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, gatifloxacin was found to exhibit bactericidal effects on the tested bacteria in a concentration-dependent manner. The safety of gatifloxacin in mammalian cells was evaluated by assessing the viability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem (BMMS) cells treated with gatifloxacin. Almost over 80% of BMMS cells survived after a 3-day culture when treated with 100 nM of gatifloxacin. These results indicate that locally administered gatifloxacin has the potential for being used to prevent canine periodontal infection.
Highlights
Dogs, the animals most closely related to humans, have been domesticated by humans for over 15,000 years, and recent research suggests that dogs have evolved via convergent evolution through the process of domestication [1]
These findings suggest that gatifloxacin exhibits selective inhibitory action against the growth of canine periodontopathic bacteria
When our findings were compared to those of a recent study on the inhibitory effects of the drug against human periodontopathic bacteria P. gingivalis [14], which is genetically related to P. gulae, it was revealed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) obtained in both studies were similar
Summary
The animals most closely related to humans, have been domesticated by humans for over 15,000 years, and recent research suggests that dogs have evolved via convergent evolution through the process of domestication [1]. It is no exaggeration to say that dogs are closely related to human life. Dogs are inclined to develop periodontal disease within their lifespan. 80% of dogs over the age of 3 have periodontal disease [2]. The development of periodontal disease is closely related to the dog’s diet as well as to the structure of the cuspids within the oral cavity. The probability of dogs getting infected with human periodontal pathogenic bacteria increases, which is evidenced by the presence of human-derived Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major etiologic bacteria causing human periodontal diseases [3], in the canine oral cavity [4]. P. gulae can be detected in the oral cavity of dogs; this bacterium is a gram-negative obligate anaerobe, which is frequently detected in mammals other than humans. Differences were observed between animal and human Porphyromonas species in terms of bacterial properties
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